“…Their results show that the sectors of transport material, mining and energy, non-metallic industries, chemicals and metals are the most relevant CO 2 exporters, while other services, construction, transport material and food are the biggest CO 2 importers. In addition, Cadarso et al [20] examined the growth in offshoring as a result of production chain fragmentation and measures CO 2 emissions due to increases in final and intermediate imports. Their main contribution is a new methodology (also input-output) for quantifying the impact of international freight transport by sector, which serves to assign responsibility to consumers.…”
Section: Ghg Emissions and Freight Flowsmentioning
Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions is a topic of major concern worldwide. Following previous articles which provide a methodology for estimating GHG emissions associated with international trade by transport mode at the world level, in this paper, we estimate an equivalent database of GHG emissions for inter-regional trade flows within a country (Spain). To this end, we built a new database of GHG emissions for origin-destination flows between Spanish provinces during 1995-2015. For each year, we combine industry-specific flows by four transport modes (road, train, ship and aircraft) with the corresponding GHG emissions factor for each mode in tons*km, drawn from the specialized literature. With this dataset of GHG emissions, we generate and analyze the temporal, sectoral and spatial pattern of Spanish inter-regional GHG flows. We then forecast emissions for 2016-2030 and consider how transport mode shifts might produce a more sustainable freight system within the country through the substitution of environmentally friendly alternatives (railway) for specific origin-destination-product flows in high-polluting modes (road).
“…Their results show that the sectors of transport material, mining and energy, non-metallic industries, chemicals and metals are the most relevant CO 2 exporters, while other services, construction, transport material and food are the biggest CO 2 importers. In addition, Cadarso et al [20] examined the growth in offshoring as a result of production chain fragmentation and measures CO 2 emissions due to increases in final and intermediate imports. Their main contribution is a new methodology (also input-output) for quantifying the impact of international freight transport by sector, which serves to assign responsibility to consumers.…”
Section: Ghg Emissions and Freight Flowsmentioning
Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions is a topic of major concern worldwide. Following previous articles which provide a methodology for estimating GHG emissions associated with international trade by transport mode at the world level, in this paper, we estimate an equivalent database of GHG emissions for inter-regional trade flows within a country (Spain). To this end, we built a new database of GHG emissions for origin-destination flows between Spanish provinces during 1995-2015. For each year, we combine industry-specific flows by four transport modes (road, train, ship and aircraft) with the corresponding GHG emissions factor for each mode in tons*km, drawn from the specialized literature. With this dataset of GHG emissions, we generate and analyze the temporal, sectoral and spatial pattern of Spanish inter-regional GHG flows. We then forecast emissions for 2016-2030 and consider how transport mode shifts might produce a more sustainable freight system within the country through the substitution of environmentally friendly alternatives (railway) for specific origin-destination-product flows in high-polluting modes (road).
“…On the other hand, the consumer responsibility principle allocates responsibility for emissions to the final consumers of the products (Gay and Proops, 1993;Munksgaard and Pedersen, 2001). Cadarso et al (2010) defined the Broad Consumer Principle (BCP) which assigns CO 2 emissions due to international transport to the country which finally consumes the product.…”
Section: Market Value and Demandmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…friendly" label that informs consumers how "clean" the production process of a product is and how much it has travelled around the world (Cadarso et al, 2010;Sundarakani et al, 2010).…”
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“…For example, Cadarso et al (2010), Foran et al (2005) and Lenzen and Murray (2010) draw on input-output theory, the study by Wiedmann et al (2011) focused on multi-region input-output for global sustainability analyses, and Li et al (2009) draw on the concept of 'strategic performance measurement system' developed within the field of accounting for understanding ecological performance measures. Drawing on relatively standard economic analysis techniques, Muradian et al (2002) develops indicators of inter-country environmental load displacement and Kandelaars and van den Bergh (1997) develop a dynamic materials-product chain model based on a dynamic representation of product and materials flows and linkages to various environmental pressure indicators for scenario analysis.…”
Section: Connecting To Ecological Economicsmentioning
This paper introduces a holistic approach to the study of sustainable development of global product chains. We first present a number of perspectives on this topic from disciplines such as economic geography, management science, sociology and environmental sciences. Each of these approaches brings in a specific focus: the consequences of geographical dispersion of economic activities, measurement of ecological and social impact, managing sustainability in supply chains, and power asymmetry among economic actors. Until now, these disciplinary research lines have remained unconnected. We argue that ecological economics provides a promising background for a more holistic conceptualization. To this end, we formulate five basic questions that serve to advance the study of sustainability throughout the product chain by connecting the foci of the identified scientific disciplines. The aim of advancing a holistic perspective has guided the selection of papers for this special subsection, which are introduced throughout the text.
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