CO2 emissions and human development in OECD countries: granger causality analysis with a panel data approach

Bedir, Serap; Yilmaz, Vildan Merve

doi:10.1007/s40822-015-0037-2

Cited by 70 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The existing studies on the latter topic also provide evidence indicating that energy use promotes human development, but remain inconclusive on how GHG emissions impact human wellbeing (Nguyen et al, 2019;Soukiazis et al, 2019;Rahman, 2020). On the same topic, Bedir and Yilmaz (2016) show that GHG emissions affect HDI only in four European countries (Iceland, Norway, Portugal, and Switzerland). In conclusion, contrary to energy use, which is shown to have a bidirectional causality with human development, the impact of GHG emissions on human well-being remains an open question.…”

Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thereby, economic growth is often identified among the drivers of environmental degradation. This has been the case in the recent studies by Bedir and Yilmaz (2016), Mardani et al (2019) and Rafindadi and Usman (2019) on carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), where by directly linking GHG emissions to income level, these studies state that economic growth causes CO 2 emissions. Such a perspective, largely encountered in existing literature, fails to describe the mechanism through which the GHG emissions, energy and development nexus operates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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GHG emissions and fossil energy use as consequences of efforts of improving human well-being in Africa

Lawson

2020

Journal of Environmental Management

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This paper assesses the relationship between greenhouse gas emissions, fossil energy use and economic development, arguing that human development is not responsible for carbon dioxide emissions. To address the mechanism through which the latter relationship operates, a recursive system of three equations is estimated. The empirical results for a sample of 41 Sub-Saharan African countries observed over the period from 1990 to 2013 support our reasoning. Specifically, contrary to causality analyses which imply economic growth causing pollution, our recursive analysis indicates that greenhouse gas emissions are direct consequences of fossil energy use. Thus, economic growth is not to blame for carbon dioxide emissions. In terms of environmental policy for African countries, this study encourages efforts towards less polluting and renewable energies supply as well as investments in energy efficient technologies.

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Section: Related Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

GHG emissions and fossil energy use as consequences of efforts of improving human well-being in Africa

Lawson

2020

Journal of Environmental Management

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“…Some researchers have studied the correlation between GDP or GDP per capita with GHG [19][20][21]. The correlation between economic growth, energy intensity and CO 2 reduction was studied [22], demonstrating a positive impact on the standard of living [23].…”

Section: Brief Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Economic Growth and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Testing Environmental Curves Hypotheses on EU Countries

2018

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This study analyses the relationship between per capita greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, gross domestic product, gross inland energy consumption, and renewable energy consumption for a panel of 28 countries of European Union in the period 1990–2016. Two theoretical models, a quadratic and a cubic one, are used to estimate the shape of the environmental curve and to test the Kuznets hypothesis. The panel cointegration approach proved the existence of long-run equilibrium relations among the four macroeconomic indicators. Empirical estimations, using panel data techniques, as well as heterogeneous regression for each individual country in the panel, show non-conclusive evidence for the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis. The least square estimates, with the variables in log per capita form, reveal that the inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis is verified for the panel and for 17 of the 28 EU countries. Estimates of the cubic model show that the environmental curve has an inverted N-shaped form. These results do not hold when the values are in non-logarithmic form. In addition, the estimations for all models show that an increase of gross energy consumption leads to an increase of GHGs, while an increase of renewable energy consumption leads to a reduction in GHG emissions.

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“…According to Bedir and Yilmaz ( 2016 ), COEM is the major source of the greenhouse effect and is emitted as a result of fossil energy consumption. Further to this, the study analysed the nexus between COEM and HDI in 33 OECD countries for the period 1992–2011.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do health expenditure and human development index matter in the carbon emission function for ensuring sustainable development? Evidence from the heterogeneous panel

Pervaiz

Faisal

Rahman

et al. 2021

Air Qual Atmos Health

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This study is an attempt to explain the nexus between health expenditures, GDP, human development index (HDI), CO 2 emissions (COEM), renewable energy (RENE), financial development (FD) and electricity consumption (EC) using data from 2000Q 1 to 2014Q 4 for Brazil, India, China and South Africa. The study applies CIPS and CADF to determine the integration order. The tests confirmed the unique order of integration. The study further uses the Westerlund panel cointegration, which suggests the existence of a long-run relationship. Moreover, the panels dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) and fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) are applied to ascertain the long-run elasticity. The health expenditure and electricity consumption affect the COEM positively. Moreover, HDI and RE affect COEM negatively. The study further confirms the existence of an N-shaped EKC in the long run. The pairwise Dumitrescu and Hurlin, Econ Model 29:1450-1460, ( 2012 ) test is used to uncover the direction of the association between the variables. The findings obtained from DH confirm a bidirectional causality between HDI and FD. Likewise, another bidirectional causal relationship has also been found between FD and EC. The findings of our study advocate policies in the direction of HDI and health expenditure by adopting RENE. This study highlights the importance of RENE, which can facilitate a reduction in carbon emissions and decreasing health expenditures. Moreover, the financial sector needs to be improved to create entrepreneurship opportunities for the public in improving the HDI in ensuring sustainable development.

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CO2 emissions and human development in OECD countries: granger causality analysis with a panel data approach

Cited by 70 publications

References 91 publications

GHG emissions and fossil energy use as consequences of efforts of improving human well-being in Africa

GHG emissions and fossil energy use as consequences of efforts of improving human well-being in Africa

Impact of Economic Growth and Energy Consumption on Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Testing Environmental Curves Hypotheses on EU Countries

Do health expenditure and human development index matter in the carbon emission function for ensuring sustainable development? Evidence from the heterogeneous panel

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