CO2 Capture Using Amine-impregnated Activated Carbon from Jatropha curcas Shell

Management of surgical mask waste to activated carbons for CO2 capture

“…For all carbons, the adsorption capacity increased with increasing pressure and decreased with increasing temperature, indicating the adsorption was exothermic in behavior which was expected for physical adsorption [57] . The lower CO 2 adsorption capacity resulted mainly from the reduction of interaction forces and binding forces between the adsorbate and the adsorbent [58] . Moreover, this tendency confirms an increase in the energy of CO 2 molecules at a higher temperature, which leads to lower adsorption of CO 2 by AC [59] .…”

Carbon Dioxide Capture through Physical and Chemical Adsorption Using Porous Carbon Materials: A Review

“…For instance, Wang et al [62] had observed a slight increase in the adsorbed CO 2 amount when the temperature was increased from 25 to 75 • C, whereas a sharp decrease from 75 to 110 • C for PEI-impregnated mesoporous carbon. TEA-functionalized activated carbon has exhibited a sharp decline of CO 2 adsorption amount as the temperature was increased from 20 to 60 • C [224]. An increase in the adsorption capacity was observed with a temperature rise from 25 to 60 • C for TEPA-loaded CNTs, while the maximum adsorption capacity was obtained at 60 • C [14].…”

“…The behavior of CO 2 adsorption capacities of amine-impregnated porous carbon supports with the variation of temperature, pressure, CO 2 feed gas concentration, and amine loading has been extensively studied by various research teams. Even though Alhassan et al [224] could observe an increase in CO 2 adsorption capacity with the increase in amine loading for a TEA-impregnated Jatropha curcas shell-derived activated carbon, Chai [232], Faisal et al [110], and Shin, Rhee, and Park, [229] have reported a decline in CO 2 adsorption capacity with the increase of amine loading since the bare surface of the porous carbon support might be clogged by extra amine species, resulting in more diffusional resistance while reducing the accessibility of CO 2 molecules towards the chemisorption sites [207,229]. Moreover, the results of the study carried out by Faisal et al [110] have suggested that the optimum TETA loading of 30 wt % could exhibit remarkable CO 2 capture capacities with minimum pore blockage.…”

“…Figure 6 demonstrates the pore structure before amine loading and the occurred pore blockage after amine loading. Despite their advantages, the amine-impregnated porous carbons exhibit several disadvantages, including pore blockage without penetrating the amine species into internal deeper pore spaces as illustrated in Figure 6b [206,217,218,[221][222][223], limited CO 2 gas diffusion [210,217], amine leaching during adsorption and regeneration processes which hinders the reusability of the adsorbents [212,224], amine volatilization/emissions [37,225], and long term stirring during amine impregnation, which destroys the macroporous structure of the carbon support [37] and limits their applications.…”

“…Monoethanolamine (MEA) and diethanolamine (DEA) impregnated ZnCl 2 activated green coconut shell-derived porous carbon [206]. EDA and triethylenetetramine (TETA) impregnated mesoporous carbon [110], pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA) loaded chitosan-derived mesoporous carbon [210], tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), PEI and diethylenetriamine (DETA) impregnated wood ash [70], triethanolamine (TEA) functionalized KOH activated Jatropha curcas shell-based activated carbon [224], MEA impregnated corn and potato starch-derived porous carbon sorbents [227], DEA impregnated activated carbon [211], PEI impregnated mesoporous carbon microparticles and mesoporous carbon nanospheres (as shown in Figure 8a) [207], PEI functionalized graphitic carbon nitride [228], MEA and DEA impregnated activated carbon [216], DEA and MEA incorporated ZnCl 2 activated fresh green coconut shell-derived activated carbon [87], TEPA functionalized semi coke [228], EDA, DEA, TETA, and branched PEI impregnated porous carbon [218], PEI-functionalized MWCNTs [217], TEPA impregnated on MOF-derived carbon monolith [93], porous silica-coated MWCNTs prepared via nanocasting and PEI impregnation [223], branched PEI impregnated on graphene oxide [229], TEPA impregnated onto graphene and silica containing aerogel [194], and TEPA impregnated carbon aerogels prepared via sol-gel process [215]. The structure of amine-functionalized mesoporous carbons synthesized via physical impregnation of PEI is demonstrated in Figure 8a.…”