CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration using principles of shell formation

Lee, Seung-Woo; Lee, Sihyun; Jang, Young-Nam; Lim, Kyoung-Soo; Jeong, Sekyoo

doi:10.1002/cjce.20432

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…There does not appear to be active, current research on using reefs for carbon offsets (Grabowski et al 2012). However, there are a number of groups investigating the biomimetic process of carbon sequestration using oysters as a model system (for example, Ma and Teng 2010; Lee et al 2011). In addition, although biosequestration is beneficial, its efficacy has likely been reduced because of the phenomenon of ocean acidification.…”

Section: Off-reef Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oyster reef connectivity : ecological benefits and associated vulnerabilities

Altman¹,

Harris²,

Kjelland³

et al. 2022

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Global oyster abundance has declined ~85 % over the past 200 years, primarily because of overharvesting (Beck, Brumbaugh, and Airoldi 2011; Kirby 2004). Healthy oyster reef systems benefit the environment in many ways, including water-quality improvement, shoreline protection, increased biological and habitat diversity, and carbon sequestration. To maintain these environmental benefits, reef-restoration efforts that produce healthy, sustainable oyster reefs are essential. To this end, the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) has been involved in reef-restoration projects in many locations, including extensive efforts in the Chesapeake Bay (Virginia, Maryland), coastal regions of New York and New Jersey, and the Gulf of Mexico. There are many benefits to creating and maintaining oyster reef systems that are well connected, for both oysters and other organisms within the reef and surrounding habitats. This technical note presents the current knowledge of benefits and costs to restore oyster-reef connectivity along the East and Gulf Coasts of North America. Connectivity of oyster reefs can refer to the physical location of reefs with respect to one another as well as to the dynamics of the genetic links within a metapopulation or to the extent to which larval transport and recruitment unite reef communities. For the purposes of this technical note, connectivity is defined as the spatial aggregation of reefs, though we address impacts of genetic and larval flow as well. Reef connectivity positively affects many ecosystem services and dynamics but can also have unintended consequences (that is, negative externalities). This technical note reviews the benefits and costs of increasing connectivity and presents a brief example of how trade-offs may occur between these potentially opposing ecological objectives. Here, we focus on the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, which inhabits the East and Gulf Coasts of North America, though many of the concepts and principles discussed may apply to other oyster species as well.

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Section: Off-reef Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oyster reef connectivity : ecological benefits and associated vulnerabilities

Altman¹,

Harris²,

Kjelland³

et al. 2022

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“…Therefore, the use of CO 2 as a renewable building block for the design and synthesis of safer and more sustainable chemical products is regarded as a possible way to mitigate the major issue of climate change. [ 4–10 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative thermodynamic analysis of CO₂ based dimethyl carbonate synthesis routes

2020

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The chemical equilibrium analysis of various possible reactions involved in the five CO 2-based routes for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC), a green chemical reagent, was performed in the present study. The variation of the molar Gibbs free energy change with temperature for the major reactions of DMC synthesis in all five routes was studied in the specified temperature range of 298.15 K-453.15 K and at both 1 bar and 28 bar pressures (1 bar = 10 5 Pa) to observe the thermodynamic favourability of all routes. To observe the temperature effect, the molar heat capacities for various compounds were estimated in terms of temperature. A second-order group additivity method called the Ruzicka-Domalski method was used to estimate these heat capacity values. The major reactions of DMC synthesis in urea methanolysis, EC transesterification, PC transesterification, and direct CO 2 synthesis routes were compared by investigating the effect of temperature (in the range of 298.15 K-453.15 K) on the chemical equilibrium constants and the equilibrium conversions of methanol at a constant pressure of 28 bar. The one-pot propylene oxide (PO) synthesis route was observed to be better among all the five CO 2 based routes when it was compared with respect to values of the chemical equilibrium constant and equilibrium conversion of methanol at standard conditions. The reliability of the EC transesterification route was found better among all the routes at initial conditions (T = 298.15 K; P = 28 bar). While the urea methanolysis route was found as least favourable at initial conditions.

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Synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol through different routes: A thermodynamic and comparative analysis

Shukla

Srivastava

2017

Can J Chem Eng

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In this study, thermodynamic analysis of various possible synthesis routes of diethyl carbonates (DEC), a benign organic carbonate, was carried out and a comparative analysis was performed. Chemical equilibrium constants at standard conditions were calculated using Gibbs free energy of the system. The Benson group contribution method was used to estimate standard heat of formation and standard entropy change of some raw materials/components like dimethyl carbonate. Variation of heat capacity (C p ) with temperature was estimated for different components from the Rozicka-Domalski model. Variation of chemical equilibrium constants with temperature and pressure was studied for various routes. Synthesis of DEC from ethylene carbonate (EC) was also found to be better considering equilibrium constants at room temperature. The CO 2 route was found to be the most unfavourable route for DEC synthesis due to stability of CO 2 molecules. Moreover, DEC synthesis through the urea route was found to be best at high temperatures since the equilibrium constants were found to increase exponentially. Experiments were conducted for DEC synthesis using the EC route at two temperatures. Activity coefficients were calculated using the UNIFAC model. Experimentally and theoretically determined chemical equilibrium constant values were found to be similar. PRO/II was also used to minimize Gibbs free energy of the system and estimate the equilibrium constants and the results were comparable with those obtained by the equilibrium constant method and the trend was found to be the same for both the methods.

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CO₂ sequestration using principles of shell formation

Cited by 8 publications

References 58 publications

Oyster reef connectivity : ecological benefits and associated vulnerabilities

Oyster reef connectivity : ecological benefits and associated vulnerabilities

Comparative thermodynamic analysis of CO₂ based dimethyl carbonate synthesis routes

Synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol through different routes: A thermodynamic and comparative analysis

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CO2 sequestration using principles of shell formation

Cited by 8 publications

References 58 publications

Oyster reef connectivity : ecological benefits and associated vulnerabilities

Oyster reef connectivity : ecological benefits and associated vulnerabilities

Comparative thermodynamic analysis of CO2 based dimethyl carbonate synthesis routes

Synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol through different routes: A thermodynamic and comparative analysis

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Product

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CO₂ sequestration using principles of shell formation

Comparative thermodynamic analysis of CO₂ based dimethyl carbonate synthesis routes