CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration using calcium-silicate concrete

Shao, Yixin; Mirza, M. Saeed; Wu, Xueying

doi:10.1139/l05-105

Cited by 107 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…By reducing the hydroxyl ion and precipitating CaCO 3 on the surface layer, carbonation curing could improve the concrete resistance to sulfate attack, freeze-thaw cycling, and acid attack [3]. Since carbonation is a CO 2 uptake process [4], recovered cement kiln CO 2 can be recycled into concrete products to make contribution to carbon emission reduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Storage through Concrete Block Carbonation

El-Hassan¹,

Shao²

2014

JOCET

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Abstract-The effect of initial curing on carbonation curing of lightweight concrete masonry units (CMU) was examined. Initial curing was performed from 4 to 18 hours at a relative humidity of 50% and temperature of 25°C. Based on cement content, four-hour carbonation curing allowed concretes to uptake 22% to 24% CO 2 with initial curing and 8.5% without initial curing, while prolonged 4-day carbonation recorded an uptake of 35%. Carbonation curing can replace steam curing in CMU production to accelerate hydration and recycle cement kiln CO 2 in a beneficial manner.Index Terms-Concrete masonry unit, curing, carbonation, carbon uptake. I. INTRODUCTIONConcrete masonry units (CMU) have been widely used in building construction as load bearing and non-load-bearing walls. The North American market for concrete blocks and bricks is projected to increase to 4.3 billion units per year by 2014 [1].In comparison to cast-in-place concrete, masonry block structures not only exhibit superior performance due to precast quality, but also represent a low environmental impact construction system. With reference to 1 m 2 of solid concrete wall, a masonry wall using 200-mm CMU requires 48% less material due to internal cavities, leading to 65% less cement, and 65% less CO 2 emission.CMUs produced in North America are typically steam cured. While steam curing accelerates strength gain and shortens the production cycles, the process itself is energy intensive. It is estimated, for one cubic meter of concrete in block form, atmospheric pressure steam curing consumes 0.59 Gigajoules per m 3 of concrete and autoclave curing consumes 0.71 Gigajoules per m 3 of concrete [2].The alternative curing method for CMU production is carbonation curing which uses high purity carbon dioxide (99.5% of CO 2 ) or low purity flue gas (14% of CO 2 ) for accelerated hydration and durability improvement.However, carbonation curing has never been adopted in large-scale production. This was possibly because flue gas carbonation was not effective in hydration acceleration and Manuscript received June 10, 2013; revised July 23, 2013. This work was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada and Canadian Concrete Masonry Producers Association (CCMPA), and the supply of expanded slag aggregates by Lafarge Canada.Hilal El-Hassan is with the Dept. of Civil Engineering at the American University in Dubai, Dubai Media City, Dubai, UAE, and P.O. BOX 28282 (email: helhassan@aud.edu).Yixin Shao is with the Dept. of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3A 2K6 (email: yixin.shao@mcgill.ca). pure gas carbonation was expensive. The latter situation may change in the near future. Large quantities of high purity, low cost carbon dioxide could soon be available as regulations requiring reductions in CO 2 emissions are developed. In this case, pure gas carbonation can simultaneously accelerate the strength, stabilize the dimension, and enhance the durability. By reducing the hydroxyl i...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Storage through Concrete Block Carbonation

El-Hassan¹,

Shao²

2014

JOCET

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“…The carbonation can also take place in the presence of moisture between the hydraulic components of clinker (C 3 S and C 2 S) and CO 2 (Eqs. (3) and (4)). The carbonation of a mature concrete has the effect of decreasing the pH of the concrete pore solution which eventually may promote corrosion of reinforcing steel; several studies have been conducted to slow this mechanism and protect the frames [3].…”

Section: Principles and Advantages Of Carbonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Products of the reaction are a mixture of hydrates and hybrid carbonates (Eqs. (3) and (4)). In the case of application without steel reinforcement -such as concrete building blocks -the carbonated products are improving concrete performances in terms of strength, durability and dimensional stability, thanks to the lower content or disappearance of Ca(OH) 2 .…”

Section: Principles and Advantages Of Carbonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A feasibility study of CO 2 sequestration through a technique of accelerated cure was conducted at McGill University (Montreal, Canada) between 2004 and 2006 [3]. The possibilities of fixing CO 2 in cement matrices were explored and performances in the short and long term implications were verified: it showed some interesting opportunities offered by this technique, based on specific accelerated carbonation process.…”

Section: Principles and Advantages Of Carbonationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CO 2 absorption process, called carbonation, improves specific properties of the concrete during the conversion of carbon dioxide CO 2 into calcium carbonate CaCO 3 . Current environmental concerns motivate the study of carbonation in order to maximize the absorption of carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbonated miscanthus mineralized aggregates for reducing environmental impact of lightweight concrete blocks

Courard¹,

Parmentier²

2017

Sust. Build.

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Abstract. At a time when the cement industry is largely responsible for the production of CO 2 in the construction sector, it is useful to make this production a reverse phenomenon: that is CO 2 capture. The CO 2 absorption process called carbonation, improves specific properties of the concrete during the conversion of carbon dioxide CO 2 into calcium carbonate CaCO 3 . Current environmental concerns motivate the study of carbonation in order to maximize the absorption of carbon dioxide. Moreover, lightweight concrete with biobased products knows an interesting development in the construction field, especially as thermal insulation panels for walls in buildings. Before identifying and quantifying the basic physical characteristics of concrete made from miscanthus, it is necessary to optimize the composition of the product. The long-term stability as well as the reinforcement may be obtained by means of a mineralization process of the natural product: a preparation with a lime and/or cement-based material is necessary to reinforce the cohesion of the bio-based product. Mineralization process is described as well as the way of producing blocks for CO 2 capture by means of accelerated carbonation. Finally, concrete blocks produced with miscanthus mineralized aggregates offer interesting mechanical properties and minimal environmental impact.

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A Pilot‐Scale Demonstration of Mobile Direct Air Capture Using Metal‐Organic Frameworks

Muhammad

Batten

Mulet

et al. 2020

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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the viability of existing fossil fuel energy sources and processes. A more recent approach proposes the use of DAC [3] to complement the implementation of renewable energy sources in order to facilitate a reduction in global atmospheric CO 2 concentrations. In addition to new processes reported for CO 2 capture from stationary sources, such as the metal-mediated CO 2regenerative amine-based battery process that directly converts CO 2 reaction enthalpy into electrical energy, [4] DAC offers a practical mitigation of CO 2 emissions from highly distributed or mobile point sources. As an alternative to storage of captured CO 2 in deep saline aquifers suggested for large stationary emitting sources, [5] DACproduced CO 2 could be used as a chemical feedstock for the synthesis of value added products. [6,3b,7] Examples of such demonstrated technologies include the use of CO 2 instead of water to cure concrete leading to permanent sequestration of the CO 2 , [8] efficient growth of plants in greenhouses, and conversion of CO 2 into alcohols by algae. [3b,9] Additionally, the uptake of distributed point-of-use DAC CO 2 could mirror, and even be facilitated by, consumer-driven selection of point-of-use solar photovoltaics (PV) electricity generation and storage. [1a,10] Proposed routes for DAC include the use of aqueous basic solutions [11] and solid adsorbents [12] as capture media. Aqueous basic solutions are used because they offer the opportunity to continuously contact the feed air with the solution in the presence of contaminants and other constituents in the air. [13] From a process engineering perspective, this approach is excellent for large-scale carbon capture in the form of a processing plant permanently located alongside free waste-heat sources, such as a coal or gas power plant. [13c,d,14] Solid adsorbents offer the prospect of DAC with a low energy input, low operating costs, minimal infrastructure, and the potential for application over a broad range of scales. [14a,15] Transitioning to a sustainable carbon cycle will require a suite of technologies from large-scale carbon capture plants to a large number of small and distributed carbon capture units. [16] Inspired by the trend of individual responsibility, small and mobile carbon capture units could enable small business enterprises to play their part in reducing global carbon emissions. Recycling carbon dioxide from the air can be a valuable process in beverage carbonation, food preservation, and dry ice cleaning devices. [17] However, if small mobile DAC units relying solely on It is increasingly apparent that negative emissions technologies, such as direct air capture (DAC), are required as part of the technology mix for limiting global atmospheric temperature increase. For all DAC technologies, the requisite energy for regeneration of the separation media strongly influences the overall cost of the process and therefore directly influences their likely implementation. Herein, the results of a pilot-scale demonstration of a new metal organic framework (...

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CO₂ sequestration using calcium-silicate concrete

Cited by 107 publications

References 5 publications

Carbon Storage through Concrete Block Carbonation

Carbon Storage through Concrete Block Carbonation

Carbonated miscanthus mineralized aggregates for reducing environmental impact of lightweight concrete blocks

A Pilot‐Scale Demonstration of Mobile Direct Air Capture Using Metal‐Organic Frameworks

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CO2 sequestration using calcium-silicate concrete

Cited by 107 publications

References 5 publications

Carbon Storage through Concrete Block Carbonation

Carbon Storage through Concrete Block Carbonation

Carbonated miscanthus mineralized aggregates for reducing environmental impact of lightweight concrete blocks

A Pilot‐Scale Demonstration of Mobile Direct Air Capture Using Metal‐Organic Frameworks

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CO₂ sequestration using calcium-silicate concrete