CO<sub>2</sub> inhibition of global terrestrial isoprene emissions: Potential implications for atmospheric chemistry

Arneth, Almut; Miller, Paul A.; Scholze, Marko; Hickler, Thomas; Schurgers, Guy; Smith, Benjamin; Prentice, Iain Colin

doi:10.1029/2007gl030615

Cited by 131 publications

(165 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…But it is not clear that this standard model dependence, based on shortterm observations for the present climate, is relevant to the much longer time scales involved in climate change. In addition, there is evidence that increasing CO 2 causes plants to decrease isoprene emission (Centritto et al, 2004;Arneth et al, 2007;Monson et al, 2007), and this is not accounted for in the models of Table 2 (except for Lin et al (2008a), who assume a very weak dependence). A study by Heald et al (in press) of 2000-2100 change of isoprene emission for the A1B climate (717 ppm CO 2 in 2100) finds a global 37% increase in emission when only temperature is taken into effect, a 8% decrease when both changes in temperature and CO 2 are considered, and a doubling when changes in net primary productivity (NPP) and land cover are also considered.…”

Section: Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of climate change on air quality

Jacob

Winner

2009

Atmospheric Environment

1,579

1,232

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a b s t r a c tAir quality is strongly dependent on weather and is therefore sensitive to climate change. Recent studies have provided estimates of this climate effect through correlations of air quality with meteorological variables, perturbation analyses in chemical transport models (CTMs), and CTM simulations driven by general circulation model (GCM) simulations of 21st-century climate change. We review these different approaches and their results. The future climate is expected to be more stagnant, due to a weaker global circulation and a decreasing frequency of mid-latitude cyclones. The observed correlation between surface ozone and temperature in polluted regions points to a detrimental effect of warming. Coupled GCM-CTM studies find that climate change alone will increase summertime surface ozone in polluted regions by 1-10 ppb over the coming decades, with the largest effects in urban areas and during pollution episodes. This climate penalty means that stronger emission controls will be needed to meet a given air quality standard. Higher water vapor in the future climate is expected to decrease the ozone background, so that pollution and background ozone have opposite sensitivities to climate change. The effect of climate change on particulate matter (PM) is more complicated and uncertain than for ozone. Precipitation frequency and mixing depth are important driving factors but projections for these variables are often unreliable. GCM-CTM studies find that climate change will affect PM concentrations in polluted environments by AE0.1-1 mg m À3 over the coming decades. Wildfires fueled by climate change could become an increasingly important PM source. Major issues that should be addressed in future research include the ability of GCMs to simulate regional air pollution meteorology and its sensitivity to climate change, the response of natural emissions to climate change, and the atmospheric chemistry of isoprene. Research needs to be undertaken on the effect of climate change on mercury, particularly in view of the potential for a large increase in mercury soil emissions driven by increased respiration in boreal ecosystems.

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Section: Ozonementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of climate change on air quality

Jacob

Winner

2009

Atmospheric Environment

1,579

1,232

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“…The large role of BVOC for SOA burdens pose the question of their future role in the climate system, considering that reduced sulphate aerosol may be compensated by larger amounts of biogenic SOA as BVOC emissions as vegetation positively responds to warmer temperatures. Whether or not proposed, biogenic SOA-climate feedbacks may be dampened by the inhibition of some BVOC by CO 2 still needs to be investigated (Kulmala et al, 2004;Arneth et al, 2007). Clearly, untangling the complex puzzle of positive and negative feedbacks that exists due to the interacting climate, biogenic, and anthropogenic emission (and deposition) processes remains a challenge.…”

Section: Biological Emission Of Reactive Carbon and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They therefore have the potential to cause remote regional changes in climate but it is not known if this potential is realised. Emission hot-spots (Figure 2) for isoprene are tropical evergreen and rain-green forests and woodlands (Guenther et al, 1995;Lathière et al, 2006;Arneth et al, 2007). During summer months, the forests of the southeastern US, south and eastern China, parts of southern Europe and central and southeastern Asia are also important sources because these regions contain a relatively large number of high-emitting species (Guenther et al, 1995;Lathière et al, 2006;Arneth et al, 2007).…”

Section: Biological Emission Of Reactive Carbon and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emission hot-spots (Figure 2) for isoprene are tropical evergreen and rain-green forests and woodlands (Guenther et al, 1995;Lathière et al, 2006;Arneth et al, 2007). During summer months, the forests of the southeastern US, south and eastern China, parts of southern Europe and central and southeastern Asia are also important sources because these regions contain a relatively large number of high-emitting species (Guenther et al, 1995;Lathière et al, 2006;Arneth et al, 2007). Monoterpenes tend to have an additional source in coniferous temperate and boreal forests and in Mediterranean and seasonal tropical ecosystems (Guenther et al, 1995;Lathière et al, 2006;Schurgers et al, 2009).…”

Section: Biological Emission Of Reactive Carbon and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2. Global isoprene (left) and monoterpene (right) emissions (mg C m −2 a −1 ; after Arneth et al, 2007;Schurgers et al, 2009). This figure is available in colour online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/joc…”

Section: Fire and Emissions Of Chemicals And Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regionalizing global climate models

Pitman

Arneth

Ganzeveld

2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Global climate models simulate the Earth's climate impressively at scales of continents and greater. At these scales, large-scale dynamics and physics largely define the climate. At spatial scales relevant to policy makers, and to impacts and adaptation, many other processes may affect regional and local climate and perhaps trigger teleconnections that provide significant feedbacks on the global climate. These processes include fire, irrigation, land cover change (including crops and urban landscapes), and the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds by vegetation. Many of these interact within the atmosphere via dynamical, physical, and chemical mechanisms that lead to boundary-layer feedbacks. It is unlikely that any of these processes have a significant global-scale impact on the Earth's climate in the sense that the amount of warming due to a doubling of well mixed greenhouse gases would change if these processes were explicitly represented in climate models. These phenomena are usually local in space (e.g. urban) or in time (e.g. fire) and probably do not provide the on-going and sustained forcing to affect the global climate. However, for most impacts and adaptation research it is the regional and local climate that defines climate risk. At these scales, processes missing in climate models can have a substantially larger local-scale impact than the additional radiative forcing due to increasing greenhouse gases. Thus, while climate models are well designed for global and continental scales they exclude a suite of important processes that are locally and/or regionally important. We review these missing processes and highlight the research required to resolve the representation of these regional-scale processes in climate models. We also discuss the experimental methodology required to rigorously determine whether these processes are restricted to a local or regional-scale role or whether they do trigger robust teleconnections that would demonstrate global-scale significance.

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Isoprene emission variability through the twentieth century

Unger

2013

JGR Atmospheres

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[1] A biochemical model of isoprene emission embedded within a global chemistry-climate simulation framework is applied to investigate the transient response to environmental change over the past century. In the model, the isoprene production is directly coupled to photosynthesis and depends on intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (CO 2 ), atmospheric CO 2 , and canopy temperature. Sensitivity runs are performed to isolate the relative roles of individual global change drivers: CO 2 , physical climate, and anthropogenic land cover change (ALCC). Between 1880 and 2000, atmospheric CO 2 increased by~30% from 291 to 370 ppmv, global average surface air temperature increased by 0.7°C, and the crop cover fraction of vegetated land area more than doubled from 15 to 37%. Over the past century, isoprene emission has decreased globally by 20% from 534 to 449 Tg C/yr, while gross primary productivity has increased by 15% from 107 to 124 Pg C/yr mostly due to CO 2 fertilization. In terms of individual drivers, the global isoprene source increased by 7% due to the atmospheric CO 2 concentration rise (including the opposing effects of CO 2 fertilization and CO 2 inhibition), decreased by 22% due to ALCC, and increased by only 3% due to physical climate change. Thus, ALCC is the dominant driver of isoprene emission change. Modeled global isoprene emissions were higher in the preindustrial than in the present day. In the industrial era, isoprene emission change represents a human-induced climate forcing, analogous to land use-driven CO 2 emission, not a climate feedback because temperature-driven increase was a relatively weak driver of isoprene emission change from 1880 to 2000.

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CO₂ inhibition of global terrestrial isoprene emissions: Potential implications for atmospheric chemistry

Cited by 131 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of climate change on air quality

Effect of climate change on air quality

Regionalizing global climate models

Isoprene emission variability through the twentieth century

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CO2 inhibition of global terrestrial isoprene emissions: Potential implications for atmospheric chemistry

Cited by 131 publications

References 36 publications

Effect of climate change on air quality

Effect of climate change on air quality

Regionalizing global climate models

Isoprene emission variability through the twentieth century

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CO₂ inhibition of global terrestrial isoprene emissions: Potential implications for atmospheric chemistry