Co-precipitation synthesis of SOFC electrode materials

Pelosato, Renato; Cristiani, Cinzia; Dotelli, Giovanni; Mariani, Mario; Donazzi, Alessandro; Sora, Isabella Natali

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.063

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Chromium precipitates as a hydroxide in a very narrow pH range from 6.6 to 7.3; however, Cr(OH) 3 starts to dissolve at a pH value of 7.9. 17 Therefore, the precipitation of mixed metal oxide should be carried out carefully in the tiny pH range from 7.3 and 7.9. If we take into account only simple carbonate and hydroxide species (Equations (1) to (4)) for the calculation for the stoichiometric amount of ammonium carbonate as a precipitant agent, we can conclude that an excess of 50 % is used during the precipita-tion process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that the most significant synthesis parameter for LSCM preparation via co-precipitation is the pH value of the reaction mixture, which should be maintained slightly below 8 in order to ensure that all the cations precipitate. 17 In addition to an appropriate chemical composition of the LSCM material, the electrode performance in an operating SOFC is also essentially dependent on the electrode microstructure, final porosity and potential presence of secondary phases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase and microstructure development of LSCM perovskite materials for SOFC anodes prepared by the carbonate-coprecipitation method

Zupan¹,

Marinšek²,

Skalar³

2016

Mater. Tehnol.

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Most SOFC development has been based on nickel yttria-stabilized zirconia anodes. Such materials have excellent catalytic properties for fuel oxidation, high electrical conductivity, good mechanical strength and an appropriate thermal expansion coefficient compatible with other cell components. Unfortunately, cermet anodes based on doped zirconia exhibit some disadvantages, e.g., the catalysing side reaction of carbon deposition during hydro-carbon fuel oxidation and a susceptibility to sulphur poisoning. Perovskite-type compounds based on lanthanum-strontium-manganese-chromium oxide (LSCM) can serve as an alternative material. Since the optimal perovskite composition is still not known, La1-xSrxMnyCr1.yO3±d (x from 0 to 0.3 and y from 0.4 to 0.6) ceramics were prepared with the co-precipitation method. Crystalline phase formation was followed by X-ray powder diffraction and Rietveld refinement. Quantitative microstructure analysis of the samples sintered at various temperatures was performed on SEM micrographs using Axiovision 4.8 software. Keywords: co-precipitation, oxide LSCM anode, phase development, microstructure Ve~ina razvoja visokotemperaturnih gorivnih celic je temeljila na anodnih materialih na osnovi niklja in cirkonijevega dioksida, stabiliziranega z itrijem. Ta ima odli~ne katalitske lastnosti pri reakciji oksidacije goriva, visoko elektri~no prevodnost, dobro mehansko trdnost in temperaturni razteznostni koeficient, skladen z ostalimi komponentami celice. @al so ti materiali med delovanjem podvr`eni ne`elenim reakcijam izlo~anja ogljika in zastrupljanja z`veplom, zato jih posku{amo nadomestiti z oksidnimi spojinami perovskitnega tipa, z lantan-stroncij-mangan-krom oksidom (LSCM). Optimalna sestava teh materialov {e ni znana, zato smo z metodo soobarjanja pripravili keramiko La1-xSrxMnyCr1.yO3± d (x od 0 do 0,3 in y od 0,4 do 0,6). Z rentgensko pra{kovno analizo in Rietveldovim prilagajanjem smo spremljali razvoj kristalnih faz. Z analizo SEM posnetkov vzorcev po sintranju pri razli~nih temperaturah smo mikrostrukture pripravljenih materialov kvantitativno ovrednotili z uporabo programa Axiovision 4.8.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase and microstructure development of LSCM perovskite materials for SOFC anodes prepared by the carbonate-coprecipitation method

Zupan¹,

Marinšek²,

Skalar³

2016

Mater. Tehnol.

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“…Recently, Birol et al 126 reviewed the cellulose-assisted glycine nitrate process of preparing ceramic nanoparticles. Some other so methods such as co-precipitation method, 127 sol-gel route 128 and rheological phase reaction 129,130 were the potential techniques to synthesize LST-based anode materials.…”

Section: Lst Synthesis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in La-doped SrTiO₃(LST)-based anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells

et al. 2014

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Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have appeared as a promising technology for a wide variety of potential commercial applications to lessen the urgency of energy shortage and environmental pollution associated with using conventional fossil fuels. Among the worldwide SOFCs research activities, the progress of SOFCs fed with hydrocarbon fuels that contain trace amount of H 2 S is one of the most important research directions. Thereby, it becomes crucial to design novel electrode materials with enhanced catalytic activity, stability and tolerances to carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning. Lasubstituted SrTiO 3 (LST) based perovskite anodes have been widely investigated because of their high electronic conductivity in reducing atmospheres, excellent dimensional and chemical stability upon redox cycling and outstanding sulfur and coking tolerances. In this review paper, we will describe the development of LST-based anode materials for SOFCs in recent years. The synthesis, structure and fuel cell performance of the doped LST and LST-based composite anode materials are summarized in detail. The mechanism of H 2 S-induced enhancement effect for electrochemical reactions on the LST-based anode materials is explored. The challenges related to the future developments of LST-based anode materials for SOFCs are also discussed.

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“…Microstructure development and final electrical properties strongly depend on the presence of isolative secondary phases formed in perovskite during the preparation process and/or subsequent sintering. Several routes are possible to prepare complex oxide powders, including solid-state reaction, 14 the chelating method, 15 gel casting, 16 and co-precipitation 17 . Among the various preparation techniques, combustion synthesis [18][19][20][21] enables the preparation of ultrafine soft agglomerated metal oxide powder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel materials based on La0.75SrxA0.25-xCr0.5Mn0.5O3 (A=Ba, Ca, Mg) as full-ceramics anodes in high-temperature fuel cells

Skalar¹,

Marinšek²,

Zupan³

2018

Mater. Tehnol.

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Among alternative anode materials for high-temperature fuel cells, the complex ceramic oxide La0,75Sr0,25Mn0,5Cr0,5O3 (LSCM) has recently shown good catalytic activity regarding fuel oxidation and sufficient stability in reductive environments at relatively low steam-to-carbon ratios. However, the electrical and ionic conductivities of LSCM are lower compared to some other perovskite materials. One of the possibilities to improve the conductivity of LSCM is in its composition variations, i.e., altering the Sr-content, doping on the A-site of the perovskite with other ions (Ba, Ca and Mg), and varying the Mn-to-Cr ratio on the B-site of the perovskite. In this paper, systems with the general formula La0.75SrxA0.25-xCr0.5Mn0.5O3 (A = Ba, Ca, Mg, x varies between 0 and 0.25) are described. Within the investigated system, prepared materials after synthesis contain the perovskite structure as a main crystallographic phase with relatively low additions of secondary phases. Any secondary phases are undesired, because they may substantially influence the electrical properties of the final materials. In samples with relatively high Sr-additions, a secondary Sr-rich phase Sr2CrO4 is also identified. Ca-doping may result in traces of CaCr2O4 phase in as-synthesized samples, while Ba-doping may lead to BaCrO4 or BaCO3 phases with higher Ba-additions. The quantity of the secondary phases may be controlled by calcination program or sintering conditions. Secondary phases, which may form additional grains or liquid phase, also influence the development of microstructures during sintering. Within the investigated compositions, the most promising materials are La0.75SrxCa0.25-xCr0.5Mn0.5O3 (x = 0.05-0.15), because they exhibit single-phase microstructure with fine grains after sintering at 1200°C. Materials with Ba-or Mg-additions form precipitates of secondary phases at 1200°C, which also remain present after sintering at higher temperatures. Keywords: combustion synthesis, perovskite, thermal analysis, x-ray powder diffraction, quantitative microstructure analysis La0,75Sr0,25Mn0,5Cr0,5O3 (LSCM) je med alternativnimi anodnimi materiali za visokotemperaturne gorivne celice pokazal dobro katalitsko aktivnost za oksidacijo goriva ter zadovoljivo stabilnost v reduktivnih okoljih z relativno nizkim razmerjem med vodno paro in ogljikom. Vendar pa ima LSCM v primerjavi z nekaterimi drugimi perovskiti nekoliko ni`jo elektri~no in ionsko prevodnost. Ena od mo`nosti za izbolj{anje njegove prevodnosti je v variacijah sestave, npr. sprememba koncentracije Sr, dopiranje na A mestu v perovskitu z drugimi ioni (Ba, Ca in Mg), variiranje razmerja med Mn in Cr na B mestu v perovskitu. V prispevku obravnavamo sistem s splo{no formulo La0.75SrxA0.25-xCr0.5Mn0.5O3 (A = Ba, Ca, Mg, x variira med 0 in 0,25). Materiali v preiskovanem sistemu po sintezi kot glavno fazo vsebujejo perovskit z relativno nizko vsebnostjo sekundarnih faz. Kakr{nekoli sekundarne faze so neza`elene, ker lahko bistveno vplivajo na elektri~ne lastnosti kon~nih materialov. V ...

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Co-precipitation synthesis of SOFC electrode materials

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Phase and microstructure development of LSCM perovskite materials for SOFC anodes prepared by the carbonate-coprecipitation method

Phase and microstructure development of LSCM perovskite materials for SOFC anodes prepared by the carbonate-coprecipitation method

Progress in La-doped SrTiO₃(LST)-based anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells

Novel materials based on La0.75SrxA0.25-xCr0.5Mn0.5O3 (A=Ba, Ca, Mg) as full-ceramics anodes in high-temperature fuel cells

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Co-precipitation synthesis of SOFC electrode materials

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Phase and microstructure development of LSCM perovskite materials for SOFC anodes prepared by the carbonate-coprecipitation method

Phase and microstructure development of LSCM perovskite materials for SOFC anodes prepared by the carbonate-coprecipitation method

Progress in La-doped SrTiO3(LST)-based anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells

Novel materials based on La0.75SrxA0.25-xCr0.5Mn0.5O3 (A=Ba, Ca, Mg) as full-ceramics anodes in high-temperature fuel cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Progress in La-doped SrTiO₃(LST)-based anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells