“…From the preparation point of view, the formation of ZnAl 2 O 4 spinel has been obtained by different routes, such as co-precipitation [11], modified citrate [12], microwave-hydrothermal [13], solid-state reaction [14], hydrothermal [15], sol-gel [16] and polymeric precursor [17]. Compared with the traditional methods, the sol-gel route offers the advantages such as good stoichiometric control, high homogeneity, producing nanostructured powders and thin films, as well as low temperature processing [9].…”