Co‐optimization of active power curtailment, load shedding and spinning reserve deficits through hybrid approach: Comparison of electrochemical storage technologies

Abstract

Under the constraints of fossil-fuel reserves depletion and climate change, the expansion of intermittent renewable generation creates a lot of power integration issues which undeniably disturb the overall system stability. Optimally planned, electricity storage systems are capable of managing the variability and uncertainty of renewable energy sources, guaranteeing power balance and ensuring feasible and economical operation. Here, the outcomes derived by a Genetic algorithm-driven priority list approach is provided, which effectively quantifies the impact of intermittent renewable energy sources on total production cost and the benefits of electricity storage. The experimental evaluation on three benchmark scenarios shows that cost improvements exist in terms of thermal generation improvement, lower renewable generation curtailment and load shedding avoidance cost. Zinc-air battery offers the highest net present value at relatively low PV penetration levels. Increased penetration levels favour Li-ion batteries followed by Pb-acid and Vanadium-redox flow batteries. In general, the viability of each storage device depends on the renewable penetration level, promoting the technologies with lower capital costs at limited shares, whereas at higher contribution frameworks systems with higher performance features become preferable.

Solar Energy Harnessing Technologies towards De-Carbonization: A Systematic Review of Processes and Systems

“…Nowadays, uncertainty is added both on the production and consumption sides due to extreme and difficult-to-predict weather events, the presence of new complex and active electric appliances, the increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs), and the distributed RES. The sector electrification concept leads to net-load profiles that fluctuate even more unevenly [48], requiring enhanced tools for clustering [49], accurate forecasting [50], efficient generation [51], and spinning reserve scheduling [52]. Alternatively, generation-demand mismatches can be lowered by decoupling the time between production and consumption by making use of storage systems.…”

Variational Bayes to Accelerate the Lagrange Multipliers towards the Dual Optimization of Reliability and Cost in Renewable Energy Systems

“…The last portion of costs refers to the penalties (Π t of Equation ( 3)) and deteriorates reliability. This relates the energy not-served (P ENS ), translated as load shedding, the spinning reserve not-served (P SRNS ) and the curtailed power from RES (P cut-RES ) with their respective penalty costs of π E , π SR and π RES [4].…”

“…In the case of generation deficits, load shedding takes place, while during excess generation, the electricity from RES is curtailed. More evolutionary methods aim at the co-optimization of load shedding and RES curtailment, following a priority with respect to generating the incremental cost of the participating units [4]. In this direction, priority-list schemes [5], Benders decomposition [6], Branch-and-Bound [7] and Lagrange relaxation (LR) [8] are some representative techniques that are able to offer only near-optimal solutions.…”

A Subtraction-Average-Based Optimizer for Solving Engineering Problems with Applications on TCSC Allocation in Power Systems

“…Priority-based dynamic computing was used in this study to solve the unit commitment issue by simulating various scenarios with growing renewable energy. In [ 44 ], a priority list approach based on a genetic algorithm has been presented for investigating the expansion problem of intermittent renewable sources and measuring their effects on the total cost of production, involving renewable generation curtailment and load shedding avoidance while taking into account various types of electricity storage. In [ 45 ], Bayesian optimization was adopted with Gaussian process regression for finding the best unit commitment scheduling for coping with the variable and fluctuating behavior of energy from renewable sources.…”