Co-occurrence of potentially preventable factors in 256 dog bite–related fatalities in the United States (2000–2009)

Patronek, Gary J.; Sacks, Jeffrey J.; Delise, Karen; Cleary, Donald; Marder, Amy R.

doi:10.2460/javma.243.12.1726

Cited by 81 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Numerous studies have explored the causes behind dog bites from the social and cultural dimensions, indicating the exposure risk is associated with inappropriate behaviour of humans or dogs such as encroachment on dog's territory, breed and failure to neuter dogs (Casey et al, 2014;Matthias et al, 2015;Patronek et al, 2013). Previous studies suggested that suboptimal temperature could cause mental instabilities and physical weakness in humans, which also resulted in increasing aggressiveness in mammal animals (Marai and Rashwan, 2004;Nybo et al, 2014;Watts et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Are hospital emergency department visits due to dog bites associated with ambient temperature? A time-series study in Beijing, China

Zhang

Zhao

Zhang³

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Are hospital emergency department visits due to dog bites associated with ambient temperature? A time-series study in Beijing, China

Zhang

Zhao

Zhang³

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Five case series were identified in the review that reported on the circumstances for dog bites that led to (non-rabies) death 12 24 35–37. A study by Patronek et al 24 examined the biggest series of cases (256 deaths over 10 years in the USA) that included a review of information from law enforcement agencies and an ascertainment check against national death data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Desexing of dogs has the opportunity of creating a safer injury environment, given the possible links between desexing and behaviour change in dogs 1 24. An Australian state, South Australia recently introduced mandatory desexing of dogs (with exceptions) coupled with a proposed Breeding Code of Practice, which together aim to reduce the risk of dog bite among a range of other benefits for dogs25 and the wider community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mandatory desexing of dogs: one step in the right direction to reduce the risk of dog bite? A systematic review

D’Onise¹,

Hazel

Caraguel

2017

Inj Prev

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There is consistent evidence that desexing dogs is associated with a reduced risk of dog bite, although the studies reflect association and may not be causal. Although recent publications have suggested desexing is associated with health and behavioural costs in some breeds, population level evidence supports desexed dogs having a longer lifespan, and being less likely to wander with the added benefit of reducing unwanted litters. Thus, mandatory desexing presents a possible opportunity for prevention of dog bites expanding dog bite prevention beyond an education-only approach.

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“…This risk-averse tendency with fear of bleeding may be responsible for underdosing with warfarin ("low-intensity anticoagulation") despite a proven lack of efficacy without improved safety [2]. Akin to the warfarin data, emerging registry evidence from non-Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) anticoagulants (NOACs) including dabigatran [3] and rivaroxaban [4] suggests that widespread underdosing of NOACs is commonplace. Whether this occurs in Australian practice is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underdosing of Noacs for Af: Old Habits Die Hard

2016

Internal Medicine Journal

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Background: Appropriateness use criteria (2011) were developed to guide the rational ordering of a cardiac imaging including transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), as a means of optimizing clinical outcomes while preventing unwarranted costs to the healthcare system. We aimed to evaluate concordance of TTE referrals against published appropriateness criteria.Methods: This was a retrospective audit of consecutive patients admitted to General Medicine, The Alfred Hospital from 1/1/2014 to 25/3/2014. Clinical and TTE characteristics were extracted by manual chart review.Results: Inpatient TTE referrals were made in 109 of 704 (15.5%) admissions in 107 patients. Patient characteristics included male gender in 63%, mean age 75 years (range 28 to 97 years) and 98 (92%) were home dwellers with 5 (4.7%) from residential aged care. Prevalence of co-morbidities included hypertension (60%), ischaemic heart disease (44%), heart failure (40%), atrial fibrillation (33%), diabetes (33%), chronic kidney disease (23%), chronic obstructive airways disease (21%), active malignancy (18%) and dementia (4.7%). TTE had been performed in the previous 12 months in 21% (23/109) of referrals. Of 109 referrals, 90 (83%) were appropriate, 10 (9.2%) uncertain and 9 (8.3%) were inappropriate. The most common inappropriate indication was evaluation of a murmur with no other signs or symptoms related to valvular or structural heart disease. TTE results were available in the discharge summary in 71 (65%) of admissions but where not documented (n = 38), no follow up of results was arranged in 28 (74%). Performance of TTE from request occurred within 2 days in 76.1%, 3 to 4 days in 17.4 %, 5-7 days in 5.5 % and >7 days in 0.9%. Conclusions:This audit revealed that nearly 1 in 10 TTE referrals were inappropriate and could have been avoided.Furthermore, over one third of TTE results were not documented in discharge summaries with followup not arranged in the majority of these patients. Strategies to reduce inappropriate TTE investigations and systems to address follow up of results are opportunities for further improvement. . This risk-averse tendency with fear of bleeding may be responsible for underdosing with warfarin ("low-intensity anticoagulation") despite a proven lack of efficacy without improved safety [2]. Akin to the warfarin data, emerging registry evidence from non-Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) anticoagulants (NOACs) including dabigatran [3] and rivaroxaban [4] suggests that widespread underdosing of NOACs is commonplace. Whether this occurs in Australian practice is unknown. UNDERDOSING OF NOACS FOR AF: OLD HABITS DIE HARDObjectives: This study was the first in Australia to specifically identify the proportion of underdosed "real-world" patients treated with a NOAC (either apixaban or rivaroxaban) in our tertiary centre.Methods: All new prescriptions of reduced dose apixaban and rivaroxaban were analysed from centralized electronic pharmaceutical records between 01/04/2014 and 31/03/2015. Based on the strict criteria for dose reduction in...

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Co-occurrence of potentially preventable factors in 256 dog bite–related fatalities in the United States (2000–2009)

Abstract: Most DBRFs were characterized by coincident, preventable factors; breed was not one of these. Study results supported previous recommendations for multifactorial approaches, instead of single-factor solutions such as breed-specific legislation, for dog bite prevention.

Cited by 81 publications

References 28 publications

Are hospital emergency department visits due to dog bites associated with ambient temperature? A time-series study in Beijing, China

Are hospital emergency department visits due to dog bites associated with ambient temperature? A time-series study in Beijing, China

Mandatory desexing of dogs: one step in the right direction to reduce the risk of dog bite? A systematic review

Underdosing of Noacs for Af: Old Habits Die Hard

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