Co-occurrence of mcr-1 in the chromosome and on an IncHI2 plasmid: persistence of colistin resistance in Escherichia coli

Sun, Jian; Li, Xingping; Fang, Liang‐Xing; Sun, Ruan-Yang; He, Yu-Zhang; Lin, Jingxia; Liao, Xiao‐Ping; Feng, Youjun; Liu, Yahong

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.01.007

Cited by 39 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Other plasmids showed different mcr-1 transposons, including ISApl1-mcr-1-PAP2, which was carried by different Inc types, such as IncP1, IncI2, and IncY. These results confirmed that mcr-1 was retained in various Inc-type plasmids in bacteria from fecal microbiota of residents in the community, as previously shown by the diversity of mcr-1-carrying plasmids (9). In addition, the majority (7 of 8) of plasmids that were assessed had the simplest mcr-1 transposon structure, mcr-1-PAP2.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

“…mcr-1 was originally discovered as a mobile resistance gene on the plasmid of COR bacteria (7), and it is recognized that chromosomally carried mcr-1 is very rare compared to that on the plasmids (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). For instance, Li et al found that only 4% of 200 mcr-1-positive E. coli isolates from animals, food, the environment, and human fecal samples collected in China carried chromosomal mcr-1 (11).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli with Chromosomally Carried mcr-1 in Healthy Residents in Vietnam

Yamaguchi

Kawahara

Hamamoto

et al. 2020

mSphere

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The wide distribution of colistin-resistant bacteria in developing countries has become a common phenomenon. To understand the mechanisms underlying their distribution, we studied the mcr genetic background of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from the fecal microbiota of healthy human residents from a community in Vietnam with a high prevalence of colistin-resistant E. coli with mcr. Fifty-seven colistin-resistant isolates were obtained from 98 residents; one isolate was collected from each individual and analyzed for mcr. We found that 36.8% of the isolates carried chromosomal mcr-1. Further, 63.2% and 1.8% of the isolates carried mcr-1 on the plasmid and the plasmid/chromosome, respectively. Whole-genome sequencing of genetically unrelated isolates showed that the majority (6 of 7) of the isolates had the chromosomal mcr-1 in a complete ancestral mcr-1 transposon Tn6330, ISApl1-mcr-1-PAP2-ISApl1, which was inserted at various positions on the chromosomes. In addition, the majority (87.5%) of Tn6330 of mcr-1-carrying plasmids (n ϭ 8) lacked both upstream and downstream ISApl1 transposons. The results obtained in this study indicate that plasmid-to-chromosomal transfer of mcr-1 may have occurred recently in the fecal microbiota of the residents. Additionally, Tn6330 on the chromosome may lose ISApl1 from the transposon during multiplication to gain a more stable mcr-1 state on the chromosome. Stabilization of resistance by the chromosomal incorporation of mcr-1 would be an additional challenge in combating the dissemination of resistant bacteria. IMPORTANCE Elucidation of the mechanism of the wide dissemination of colistinresistant bacteria in communities of developing countries is an urgent public health issue. In this study, we investigated the genetic background of the colistin resistance gene mcr in E. coli isolates from the fecal microbiota of healthy human residents living in a community in Vietnam with a high prevalence of colistin-resistant E. coli. Our study revealed for the first time, a surprisingly high percentage (36.8%) of colistin-resistant E. coli carrying chromosomal mcr-1, the emergence of which may have occurred recently, in the fecal microbiota of the community residents. The mcr-1 transposon on the chromosome may develop into a more stable genotype by the loss of insertion sequences (ISs). Our results are valuable in understanding the mechanism underlying the increasing prevalence of colistin-resistant bacteria within a community.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli with Chromosomally Carried mcr-1 in Healthy Residents in Vietnam

Yamaguchi

Kawahara

Hamamoto

et al. 2020

mSphere

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“…To our knowledge, it is the first report describing a bacterial isolate harboring mcr-9 on its chromosome, indicating that mcr-9 may have been inserted into the chromosome by mobile elements. Several Enterobacteriaceae isolates from animals and humans have reported the chromosomal location of mcr-1 and mcr-2 [27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mcr-1 was detected on the chromosomes of two colistin-resistant E. coli strains isolated from swine in 2012 in China [28], and on the chromosome of an E. coli ST410 strain harboring bla CTX-M-15 isolated from a sample of turkey meat in 2013 in Germany [27]. The chromosomal integration of mcr-1 was also detected in a clinical strain of E. coli ST156 harboring bla NDM-5 isolated from a bile sample in 2015 in China [29], in E. coli isolated from food production animals in 2011-2016 in Poland [32], and in E. coli isolated from veal calves in 2016 in the Netherlands [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of carbapenem-resistant and colistin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae complex co-harboring blaIMP-1 and mcr-9 in Japan

et al. 2020

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Background: The spread of Enterobacteriaceae producing both carbapenemases and Mcr, encoded by plasmidmediated colistin resistance genes, has become a serious public health problem worldwide. This study describes three clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae complex co-harboring bla IMP-1 and mcr-9 that were resistant to carbapenem but susceptible to colistin. Methods: Thirty-two clinical isolates of E. cloacae complex non-susceptible to carbapenems were obtained from patients at 14 hospitals in Japan. Their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by broth microdilution methods and E-tests. Their entire genomes were sequenced by MiSeq and MinION methods. Multilocus sequence types were determined and a phylogenetic tree constructed by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alignment of whole genome sequencing data. Results: All 32 isolates showed MICs of ≥2 μg/ml for imipenem and/or meropenem. Whole-genome analysis revealed that all these isolates harbored bla IMP-1 , with three also harboring mcr-9. These three isolates showed low MICs of 0.125 μg/ml for colistin. In two of these isolates, bla IMP-1 and mcr-9 were present on two separate plasmids, of sizes 62 kb and 280/290 kb, respectively. These two isolates did not possess a qseBC gene encoding a twocomponent system, which is thought to regulate the expression of mcr-9. In the third isolate, however, both bla IMP-1 and mcr-9 were present on the chromosome. Conclusion: The mcr-9 is silently distributed among carbapenem-resistant E. cloacae complex isolates, of which are emerging in hospitals in Japan. To our knowledge, this is the first report of isolates of E. cloacae complex harboring both bla IMP-1 and mcr-9 in Japan.

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“…The spread of the mcr-1 gene can be through plasmids or conjugation, transposon composites, transformation, and chromosomes (Hadjaj et al 2017;Lima Barbieri et al 2017;Tada et al 2017 a ;Sun et al 2018). Our study also succeeded in transferring this gene from colistin-resistant E. coli to S. Enteritidis ATCC 13076 through conjugation .…”

Section: Hazard Identification: Colistin Sulfate and Colistinresistanmentioning

confidence: 62%

Risk Assessment of The Use of Colistin Sulfate In Broiler Due To Escherichia coli Resistance In Broiler Flocks

Palupi

Sudarnika²,

Wibawan³

et al. 2020

Acta Vet Indones

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The risk assessment of antimicrobial resistance is very important to determine the risk of decreasing antimicrobial efficacy can be used as a basis for policymakers in allowing or prohibiting the use of an antimicrobial. This study aims to assess the risk of using colistin against E. coli resistance in the broiler flock. Risk assessment is carried out qualitatively using primary data, interviews, and secondary data. To obtain primary data various studies were carried out including monitoring the prevalence of colistin-resistant E. coli and mcr-1 also mcr-2 genes in broiler flocks, mcr-1 gene transfer from E. coli to Salmonella Enteritidis, mcr-1 gene sequencing, mutant selection windows of colistin against E. coli, and also multiresistant of E. coli colistin-resistant. Assessment of the risk of E. coli colistin-resistant in the broiler flocks through direct contact with live broiler flock environment with the resulting assessment is a medium risk with low uncertainty. Since colistin sulfate is very critically important for humans, the reduced use of colistin sulfate in animal production is necessary to reduce the risk of resistance. Reducing the use of colistin sulfate requires the collaboration of various sectors such as the government, veterinary drugs industries, farmers, and consumers.

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Co-occurrence of mcr-1 in the chromosome and on an IncHI2 plasmid: persistence of colistin resistance in Escherichia coli

Cited by 39 publications

References 31 publications

High Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli with Chromosomally Carried mcr-1 in Healthy Residents in Vietnam

High Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli with Chromosomally Carried mcr-1 in Healthy Residents in Vietnam

Emergence of carbapenem-resistant and colistin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae complex co-harboring blaIMP-1 and mcr-9 in Japan

Risk Assessment of The Use of Colistin Sulfate In Broiler Due To Escherichia coli Resistance In Broiler Flocks

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