Co-occurrence of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in breakfast cereals from spanish market

Ibáñez-Vea, María; Martínez, R. Rosiles; González-Peñas, Elena; Lizarraga, Elena; Ceráin, Adela López de

doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2011.05.008

Cited by 83 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The comet assay showed high sensitivity (ability to detect carcinogens as positive) and specificity (ability to give negative results with noncarcinogens) in the evaluation of carcinogens when the micronucleus test gave negative or equivocal results (Kirkland and Speit, 2008). After a formal validation of the in vivo rodent comet assay that was coordinated by the Japanese Center for the Validation of The human population is probably exposed to multiple mycotoxins because human diet is generally varied and because the same food might be contaminated by several mycotoxins (Ibáñez-Vea et al, 2011;Ibáñez-Vea et al, 2012). Multi-exposure may lead to additive, synergistic or antagonistic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A after simultaneous application of the in vivo micronucleus and comet assay

Corcuera

Vettorazzi

Arbillaga

et al. 2015

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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(max. 200 words)Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are genotoxic mycotoxins that can contaminate a variety of foodstuffs, the liver and the kidney being their target organ, respectively. The micronucleus (MN) assay (bone marrow) and the comet assay (liver and kidney) were performed simultaneously in F344 rats, treated with AFB1 (0.25 mg/kg b.w.), OTA (0.5 mg/kg b.w.) or both mycotoxins. After AFB1 treatment, histopathology and biochemistry analysis showed liver necrosis, focal inflammation and an increase in Alanine Aminotransferase and Aspartate Aminotransferase. OTA alone did not cause any alteration. The acute hepatotoxic effects caused by AFB1 were less pronounced in animals treated with both mycotoxins. With regard to the MN assay, after 24h, positive results were obtained for AFB1 and negative results were obtained for OTA, although both toxins caused bone marrow toxicity. In the combined treatment, OTA reduced the toxicity and the number of MN produced by AFB1. In the comet assay, after 3h, positive results were obtained for AFB1 in the liver and for OTA in the 1 kidney. The combined treatment reduced DNA damage in the liver and had no influence in the kidney. Altogether, these results may be indicative of an antagonistic relationship regarding the genotoxicity of both mycotoxins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotoxicity of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A after simultaneous application of the in vivo micronucleus and comet assay

Corcuera

Vettorazzi

Arbillaga

et al. 2015

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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“…Ibáñez-Vea et al 39 used the UHPLC-FL for determining aflatoxins (B 1 , B 2 , G 1 and G 2 ), ochratoxin A and zearalenone in breakfast cereal samples. The LOD and LOQ values were 0.062 and 0.2 µg kg -1 for ochratoxin, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous extraction and detection of ochratoxin A and citrinin in rice

Hackbart¹,

Prietto²,

Prímel³

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Este estudo comparou quatro procedimentos de extração para a determinação simultânea das micotoxinas citrinina e ocratoxina A em amostras de arroz. Os procedimentos de Soares e Rodriguez-Amaya, Tanaka e os métodos de extração QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) e por ultrassom foram comparados em termos de geração de resíduos, limite de detecção, limite de quantificação e recuperação simultânea de micotoxinas. O procedimento de Soares e Rodriguez-Amaya e a extração por ultrassom apresentaram as menores recuperações, 83 e 55% para a ocratoxina A (OTA) e 55 e 48% para citrinina (CIT), respectivamente. O procedimento de Tanaka e a extração QuEChERS tiveram recuperações de 98 e 105% para OTA e 64 e 78% para CIT, respectivamente. Este último permitiu a extração simultânea das duas micotoxinas com uma redução de até 25 vezes na quantidade de solventes.This study compared four extraction procedures for the simultaneous determination of mycotoxins ochratoxin A and citrinin in samples of rice. Soares and Rodriguez-Amaya and Tanaka procedures and the extraction methods QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) and by ultrasound were compared in terms of residue generation, limit of detection, limit of quantification and simultaneous recovery of mycotoxins. Soares and Rodriguez-Amaya and the method by ultrasound presented the lowest recoveries, 83 and 55% for ochratoxin A (OTA) and 48 and 55% for citrinin (CIT), respectively. Tanaka procedure and QuEChERS method presented the highest recoveries, 98 and 105% for OTA and 64 and 78% for CIT, respectively. The latter enabled the simultaneous extraction of the two mycotoxins, with a reduction of up to 25 times of the amount of the involved solvent.Keywords: rice, occurrence, ochratoxin A, citrinin, extraction method IntroductionFungi produce a large variety of toxic secondary metabolites called mycotoxins.1 These compounds comprise several chemical structures including some relatively simple ones, 1 which occur in mycelium of filamentous fungi, normally after a period of balanced growth followed by stress conditions. 2,3 Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium are among the fungal genera that occur in food and that have toxigenic species, such as Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium citrinum, the main producers of ochratoxin A and citrinin, respectively. 4,5 Ochratoxin A (OTA) (N-{[(3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3, 4-dihydro-1H-isochromen-7-yl] carbonyl}-L-phenylalanine, Figure 1) is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC from World Health Organization (WHO)) as a probably carcinogenic agent for humans (Group 2B, IARC).6 It has been also correlated to the Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN). 7 Its presence was detected in many stored and dry foods, 8,9 such as corn, wheat, oats, beans, nuts, peanuts, rice, barley, sorghum, cotton seed, coffee beans, cocoa and spices. [10][11][12][13] Citrinin (CIT) [(3R,4S)-8-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethyl-6-oxo-4,6-dihydro-3H-isochromene-7-carboxylic acid, The adverse effects cau...

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“…Es importante destacar que este tipo de productos son mayormente consumidos por población infantil y los niveles sobrepasan el límite permitido de AFB1 (0,1 µg/kg) según la Comisión Europea (29) en esas investigaciones. Aunque esto depende de la localización y manejo que se le dé al producto, pues se han encontrado en España valores mínimos entre 0,08-0,13 µg/kg (30).…”

Section: Aflatoxinas En Maízunclassified

Aflatoxinas en Alimentos Y Exposición Dietaria Como Factor De Riesgo Para El Carcinoma Hepatocelular

Londoño-Cifuentes

Martínez-Miranda

2017

biosa

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Co-occurrence of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in breakfast cereals from spanish market

Cited by 83 publications

References 13 publications

Genotoxicity of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A after simultaneous application of the in vivo micronucleus and comet assay

Genotoxicity of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A after simultaneous application of the in vivo micronucleus and comet assay

Simultaneous extraction and detection of ochratoxin A and citrinin in rice

Aflatoxinas en Alimentos Y Exposición Dietaria Como Factor De Riesgo Para El Carcinoma Hepatocelular

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