Co-Occurrence of Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and a History of Endometrial Cancer

Abstract

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is an autosomal dominant inherited syndrome affecting 1 per 3000-4000 individuals. Patients with the neurofibromin gene mutation are more likely to develop malignancies. We report the case of a 57-year-old female with NF-1 who presented during her lifetime three neoplasms: endometrial cancer, adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). We describe the clinical, radiological and histopathological features of this rare condition. There have been reported only 10 cases of ACC together with NF-1 and 18 cases of ACC with other tumors. To the best of our knowledge it is the first reported case of NF-1 diagnosed with three cancers. Our report indicates the importance of careful and all-embracing care of patients with NF-1 in order to make a thorough investigation of any symptoms that might be a manifestation of a malignant disease.