CO metabolism of Desulfovibrio vulgaris strain Madison: physiological function in the absence or presence of exogeneous substrates

Lupton, F. Stephen

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(84)90221-0

Cited by 17 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…We can not exclude that other organic products could have been formed. It has been postulated that D. vulgaris and D. desulfuricans first convert CO with H 2 O to H 2 and CO 2 , and then use H 2 for SO 4 reduction (Karpilova et al 1983;Lupton et al 1984). In our experiments with pure cultures of D. kuznetsovii (data not shown) and D. thermobenzoicum subsp.…”

Section: Effect Of Co On the Ratio Of Sulfidogenesis And Acetogenesissupporting

confidence: 48%

“…Some mesophilic SO 4 -reducing bacteria can grow with CO (or their growth is improved) only in the presence of organic carbon sources (Karpilova et al 1983;Lupton et al 1984). The CO sensitivity of the selected thermophilic SO 4 -reducing bacteria was tested by cultivation (without shaking) in a medium that contained pyruvate (10 mM) and SO 4 (10 mM) under an atmosphere of 0, 2, 5, 20, or 50% CO. All tested bacteria were able to ferment pyruvate without a CO-containing gas phase.…”

Section: Growth Of Pure Cultures On Pyruvate In the Presence Of Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Desulfotomaculum orientis and Desulfotomaculum nigrificans grow slowly on CO up to 20% in the gas phase (Klemps et al 1985), as does Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (Karpilova et al 1983). Desulfovibrio vul-garis oxidizes CO (maximum 4.5%) to CO 2 coupled to H 2 formation, which is subsequently used as an electron donor for SO 4 reduction (Lupton et al 1984). Biological SO 4 reduction with a H 2 /CO mixture as electron donor was studied in mesophilic lab-scale gas-lift reactors (van Houten et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon monoxide conversion by thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria in pure culture and in co-culture with Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans

Parshina

Kijlstra

Henstra

et al. 2005

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Biological sulfate (SO 4 ) reduction with carbon monoxide (CO) as electron donor was investigated. Four thermophilic SO 4 -reducing bacteria, Desulfotomaculum thermoacetoxidans (DSM 5813), Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii (ATCC 51303), Desulfotomaculum kuznetsovii (DSM 6115; VKM B-1805), and Desulfotomaculum thermobenzoicum subsp. thermosyntrophicum (DSM 14055), were studied in pure culture and in co-culture with the thermophilic carboxydotrophic bacterium Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans (DSM 6008). D. thermoacetoxidans and T. yellowstonii were extremely sensitive to CO: their growth on pyruvate was completely inhibited at CO concentrations above 2% in the gas phase. D. kuznetsovii and D. thermobenzoicum subsp. thermosyntrophicum were less sensitive to CO. In pure culture, D. kuznetsovii and D. thermobenzoicum subsp. thermosyntrophicum were able to grow on CO as the only electron donor and, in particular in the presence of hydrogen/carbon dioxide, at CO concentrations as high as 50-70%. The latter SO 4 reducers coupled CO oxidation to SO 4 reduction, but a large part of the CO was converted to acetate. In co-culture with C. hydrogenoformans, D. kuznetsovii and D. thermobenzoicum subsp. thermosyntrophicum could even grow with 100% CO (P CO =120 kPa).

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Section: Effect Of Co On the Ratio Of Sulfidogenesis And Acetogenesissupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Growth Of Pure Cultures On Pyruvate In the Presence Of Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon monoxide conversion by thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria in pure culture and in co-culture with Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans

Parshina

Kijlstra

Henstra

et al. 2005

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…2F, 6,000 ppm, 0.24 mM). The H 2 and CO formed, as well as the remaining lactate, were all oxidized when sulfate reduction resumed from 175 to 200 h. Although the production and subsequent consumption of trace amounts of CO has been reported before (10), the production of large amounts of CO as a result of the deletion of the genes for Fe-only hydrogenase was totally unexpected. In a duplicate experiment, the hyd mutant produced a similarly high concen- tration of CO (6,230 ppm at 115 h, relative to the wild-type (171 ppm) and hmc mutant (49 ppm) strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Carbon Monoxide Cycling by Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough

2002

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Sulfate-reducing bacteria, like Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, use the reduction of sulfate as a sink for electrons liberated in oxidation reactions of organic substrates. The rate of the latter exceeds that of sulfate reduction at the onset of growth, causing a temporary accumulation of hydrogen and other fermentation products (the hydrogen or fermentation burst). In addition to hydrogen, D. vulgaris was found to produce significant amounts of carbon monoxide during the fermentation burst. With excess sulfate, the hyd mutant (lacking periplasmic Fe-only hydrogenase) and hmc mutant (lacking the membrane-bound, electron-transporting Hmc complex) strains produced increased amounts of hydrogen from lactate and formate compared to wild-type D. vulgaris during the fermentation burst. Both hydrogen and CO were produced from pyruvate, with the hyd mutant producing the largest transient amounts of CO. When grown with lactate and excess sulfate, the hyd mutant also exhibited a temporary pause in sulfate reduction at the start of stationary phase, resulting in production of 600 ppm of headspace hydrogen and 6,000 ppm of CO, which disappeared when sulfate reduction resumed. Cultures with an excess of the organic electron donor showed production of large amounts of hydrogen, but no CO, from lactate. Pyruvate fermentation was diverse, with the hmc mutant producing 75,000 ppm of hydrogen, the hyd mutant producing 4,000 ppm of CO, and the wild-type strain producing no significant amount of either as a fermentation end product. The wild type was most active in transient production of an organic acid intermediate, tentatively identified as fumarate, indicating increased formation of organic fermentation end products in the wild-type strain. These results suggest that alternative routes for pyruvate fermentation resulting in production of hydrogen or CO exist in D. vulgaris. The CO produced can be reoxidized through a CO dehydrogenase, the presence of which is indicated in the genome sequence.Desulfovibrio spp. derive energy for growth from redox reactions in which organic acids, alcohols, or hydrogen (the electron donors) are oxidized by sulfate, thiosulfate, or sulfite (the electron acceptors). A diagram indicating a possible mechanism for ATP synthesis in Desulfovibrio spp. growing on lactate, pyruvate, formate, or hydrogen and sulfate is shown in Fig.

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“…Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough appears well equipped to carry out this hydrogen cycling, possessing an array of six predicted hydrogenases-four localized periplasmically (Hyd, Hyn1, Hyn2, and Hys) and two membrane-bound enzymes facing the cytoplasm (Coo and Ech) (12). There is also some evidence suggesting that, in addition to hydrogen, carbon monoxide functions as either a growth substrate or an intermediate in energy metabolism (16,29).With the exception of some Desulfotomaculum species that can grow in Ͼ50% CO, CO is toxic at concentrations of Ͻ20% to most sulfate-reducing bacteria (21). CO toxicity is likely to be a result of inhibition of hydrogenases or other metalloenzymes (21).…”

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confidence: 99%

Deletion of the Desulfovibrio vulgaris Carbon Monoxide Sensor Invokes Global Changes in Transcription

et al. 2012

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The carbon monoxide-sensing transcriptional factor CooA has been studied only in hydrogenogenic organisms that can grow using CO as the sole source of energy. Homologs for the canonical CO oxidation system, including CooA, CO dehydrogenase (CODH), and a CO-dependent Coo hydrogenase, are present in the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris, although it grows only poorly on CO. We show that D. vulgaris Hildenborough has an active CO dehydrogenase capable of consuming exogenous CO and that the expression of the CO dehydrogenase, but not that of a gene annotated as encoding a Coo hydrogenase, is dependent on both CO and CooA. Carbon monoxide did not act as a general metabolic inhibitor, since growth of a strain deleted for cooA was inhibited by CO on lactate-sulfate but not pyruvate-sulfate. While the deletion strain did not accumulate CO in excess, as would have been expected if CooA were important in the cycling of CO as a metabolic intermediate, global transcriptional analyses suggested that CooA and CODH are used during normal metabolism. Desulfovibrio organisms are sulfate-reducing bacteria that use organic acids, alcohols, or molecular hydrogen as electron donors to reduce sulfate (22). When these bacteria grow on organic acids or alcohols, energy generation is hypothesized to be derived in part through hydrogen cycling (20). Hydrogen cycling posits that reducing equivalents formed during oxidation of the electron donor in the cytoplasm are shuttled to form hydrogen, which is then oxidized in the periplasm to generate electrons for sulfate reduction and to generate a proton motive force. This mechanism for energy recovery offers an explanation for the hydrogen burst observed during the early growth phase in batch culture (15,19,20,28). Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough appears well equipped to carry out this hydrogen cycling, possessing an array of six predicted hydrogenases-four localized periplasmically (Hyd, Hyn1, Hyn2, and Hys) and two membrane-bound enzymes facing the cytoplasm (Coo and Ech) (12). There is also some evidence suggesting that, in addition to hydrogen, carbon monoxide functions as either a growth substrate or an intermediate in energy metabolism (16,29).With the exception of some Desulfotomaculum species that can grow in Ͼ50% CO, CO is toxic at concentrations of Ͻ20% to most sulfate-reducing bacteria (21). CO toxicity is likely to be a result of inhibition of hydrogenases or other metalloenzymes (21). CO has been demonstrated to be both produced and consumed by Desulfovibrio spp. CO production has been documented during growth of both D. vulgaris Hildenborough (29) and D. vulgaris Madison (16) on lactate-sulfate or pyruvate-sulfate, with greater accumulation in a D. vulgaris Hildenborough hyd mutant lacking the periplasmic Fe hydrogenase (29). Consumption was demonstrated in D. vulgaris strain Madison. This organism grew on a headspace of 4% CO as the sole energy source and tolerated a headspace of 4.5% CO while growing on organic acids, consistent with the presence of an acti...

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CO metabolism of Desulfovibrio vulgaris strain Madison: physiological function in the absence or presence of exogeneous substrates

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Carbon monoxide conversion by thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria in pure culture and in co-culture with Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans

Carbon monoxide conversion by thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria in pure culture and in co-culture with Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans

Carbon Monoxide Cycling by Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough

Deletion of the Desulfovibrio vulgaris Carbon Monoxide Sensor Invokes Global Changes in Transcription

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