Co-infection with Zika and Dengue Viruses in 2 Patients, New Caledonia, 2014

Zika virus disease: a current review of the literature

“…Until December 2013, it was assumed to account for approximately 19,000 cases of dengue-like syndrome. Approximately, 30,000 humans (about 11 % of the total French Polynesian population) developed ZIKV infection [18][19][20][21]. This French Polynesian virus was closely related to the virus isolated in Cambodia in 2010 [10].…”

“…The biochemical and hematological laboratory parameters are generally normal, though some patients may have transient and mild leucopenia, lymphopenia or activated lymphocytes, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, monocytosis, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and raised serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, ferritin, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein during the course of the viremic phase [20,32,34].…”

“…In fact, ZIKV may stay in the urine and remain positive for a longer duration than in the serum [51,58]. Several studies have reported the detection of ZIKV RNA in urine more than 10 days after disease onset [20,31,95,96]. Still at this point, there is no validated data that suggests the replacement of blood with urine as a sample specimen [20,31,96].…”

“…Several studies have reported the detection of ZIKV RNA in urine more than 10 days after disease onset [20,31,95,96]. Still at this point, there is no validated data that suggests the replacement of blood with urine as a sample specimen [20,31,96]. A study has reported the time of stay of ZIKV in the semen of infected men for more than 3 weeks [51], while another study has reported ZIKV RNA in the semen for up to 62 days [97].…”

Phylogenetic analysis revealed the central roles of two African countries in the evolution and worldwide spread of Zika virus

“…The first large outbreak of Zika disease in humans occurred on the Pacific island of Yap in the Federated States of Micronesia in 2007 (Lanciotti et al, 2008;Duffy et al, 2009). ZIKV was then identified from Suriname (Enfissi et al, 2016b) in South America, and on other Pacific Islands including French Polynesia (Berthet et al, 2014;Cao-Lormeau et al, 2014;Hancock et al, 2014), Easter Island of Chile (Tognarelli et al, 2015), the Cook Islands (Roth et al, 2014), and New Caledonia (Roth et al, 2014;Dupont-Rouzeyrol et al, 2015). Imported cases were also identified in countries of the Americas and Europe (Foy et al, 2011;Waehre et al, 2014;Zammarchi et al, 2015;Kindhauser et al, 2016).…”