Co-infection with Bartonella bacilliformis and Mycobacterium spp. in a coastal region of Peru

Silva-Caso, Wilmer; Mazulis, Fernando; Weilg, Claudia; Aguilar-Luis, Miguel Ángel; Sandoval, Isabel; Correa-Núñez, Germán; Li, Dongmei; Song, Xiaofeng; Liu, Qiyong; Valle-Mendoza, Juana del

doi:10.1186/s13104-017-2977-y

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…B bacilliformis outbreaks usually occur in Andean communities, but they are now expanding to adjacent areas. [21][22][23] The implementation of serodiagnostic tools allowing broad epidemiological monitoring of Carrión's disease and the availability of a vaccine would be highly desirable; however, only a few immunogenic targets have been analysed. 6,10 Novel sequencing techniques and bioinformatics have revolutionised clinical microbiology and vaccine development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of immunodominant Bartonella bacilliformis proteins: a combined in-silico and serology approach

et al. 2021

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Background Bartonella bacilliformis is the aetiological agent of Carrión's disease, a biphasic and highly lethal illness formerly restricted to the South American Andes that is now spreading to adjacent areas. Reliable serodiagnostic approaches and vaccines are urgently needed. In this study, we aimed to identify immunodominant proteins of B bacilliformis and to establish novel and reliable serodiagnostic tools. MethodsWe used a reverse vaccinology approach in combination with an analysis of heterologous genomic expression libraries to identify immunodominant proteins, on the basis of the genome sequences of B bacilliformis strains KC583 and KC584. Antigens were screened with serum samples collected from Peruvian patients with B bacilliformis infections and from German healthy blood donors without history of travel to South America. We further analysed immunoreactive proteins of B bacilliformis with immunoblotting and line blots. We used selected target proteins to develop a diagnostic ELISA. To assess the performance of this ELISA, we did receiver operating characteristic analyses to assess the area under the curve, cutoff values, sensitivities, and specificities with 95% CIs. FindingsWe used serum samples obtained between Dec 23, 1990, and May 5, 2018, from 26 Peruvian patients with B bacilliformis infections and serum samples taken between Aug 28 and Aug 31, 2020, from 96 healthy German blood donors. 21 potentially immunodominant proteins were identified and recombinantly expressed, and their reactivity was assessed with immunoblotting and line blots. Of these 21 antigens, 14 were found to be immunoreactive. By using serum samples of Peruvian patients with Carrión's disease and of healthy German blood donors, we identified three antigens (porin B, autotransporter E, and hypothetical protein B) as suitable immunodominant antigens, and we applied them in a diagnostic ELISA using two different antigen combinations (porin B plus autotransporter E and porin B plus autotransporter E plus hypothetical protein B). For the combination of porin B and autotransporter E, with optical density measured at 450 nm (OD 450 ) cutoff value of 0•29, sensitivity was 80•8% (95% CI 60•7-93•5) and specificity was 94•8% (88•3-98•3) for all Peruvian patient samples. For a combination of porin B, autotransporter E, and hypothetical protein B, with an OD 450 cutoff of 0•34, sensitivity was 76•9% (56•4-91•0) and specificity was 93•8% (86•9-97•7) for all Peruvian patient samples. Interpretation This novel ELISA could represent a useful serodiagnostic tool for future epidemiological studies of B bacilliformis in endemic areas. Additionally, the immunodominant antigens we have identified could provide a first basis for future vaccine development to prevent the highly lethal Carrión's disease. Funding DRUID (Novel Drug Targets against Poverty-Related and Neglected Tropical Infectious Diseases) Initiative and Robert Koch Institute.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of immunodominant Bartonella bacilliformis proteins: a combined in-silico and serology approach

et al. 2021

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“…Another study in Peru found that 37.5% of Bartonellosis patients in an outbreak were infected with B. bacilliformis and Mycobacterium spp. [109]. While not necessarily co-transmitted, these infectious complications can exacerbate disease.…”

Section: Bartonella As a Coinfection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Bartonellosis: An Underappreciated Public Health Problem?

2019

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Bartonella spp. bacteria can be found around the globe and are the causative agents of multiple human diseases. The most well-known infection is called cat-scratch disease, which causes mild lymphadenopathy and fever. As our knowledge of these bacteria grows, new presentations of the disease have been recognized, with serious manifestations. Not only has more severe disease been associated with these bacteria but also Bartonella species have been discovered in a wide range of mammals, and the pathogens’ DNA can be found in multiple vectors. This review will focus on some common mammalian reservoirs as well as the suspected vectors in relation to the disease transmission and prevalence. Understanding the complex interactions between these bacteria, their vectors, and their reservoirs, as well as the breadth of infection by Bartonella around the world will help to assess the impact of Bartonellosis on public health.

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Molecular detection and clinical characteristics of Bartonella bacilliformis, Leptospira spp., and Rickettsia spp. in the Southeastern Peruvian Amazon basin

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAcute febrile illness (AFI) represent a significant health challenge in the Peruvian Amazon basin population due to their diverse etiologies and the unavailability of specific on-site diagnostic methods, resulting in underreporting of cases. In Peru, one of the most endemic regions to dengue and leptospirosis is Madre de Dios, a region also endemic to emergent bacterial etiologic agents of AFI, such as bartonellosis and rickettsiosis, whose prevalence is usually underreported.We aimed to molecularly identify the presence of Leptospira spp., Bartonella bacilliformis, and Rickettsia spp. by Polymerase Chain Reaction in serum samples from patients with AFI from Puerto Maldonado-Madre de Dios in Peru.MethodsSerum samples from patients with acute febrile illness were analyzed by real-time PCR for detecting the presence of Bartonella bacilliformis, Leptospira spp. and Rickettsia spp.ResultsBartonella bacilliformis was the most prevalent bacteria identified in 21.6% (30/139) of the samples, followed by Leptospira spp. in 11.5% (16/139) and Rickettsia spp. in 6.5% (9/139) of the samples. No co-infections were observed between these bacteria. The most frequent symptoms associated with fever among all groups, were headaches, myalgias, and arthralgias. We found no statistically significant differences in the clinical presentation between patients infected with each bacterium.ConclusionsIn a previous study, we shown the presence of dengue, chikungunya, Zika and oropouche virus. We were able to identify these pathogens in 29.5% of all the samples, with chikungunya and OROV as the most frequently found in 9.4 and 8.6% of all the samples, respectively. In this study we show that B. bacilliformis (21.6%), Leptospira spp. (11.5%) and Rickettsia spp. (6.5%) accounted for the main etiologies of AFI in samples from Puerto Maldonado-Madre de Dios, Perú. Our analysis of their clinical presentation, further shows the importance of implementing more sensitive and specific on-site diagnostic tools in the national surveillance programs.This study confirms that the un-specificity of signs and symptoms is not only associated with arboviral infections, but also with the clinical presentation of endemic bacterial infections.

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Co-infection with Bartonella bacilliformis and Mycobacterium spp. in a coastal region of Peru

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Identification of immunodominant Bartonella bacilliformis proteins: a combined in-silico and serology approach

Identification of immunodominant Bartonella bacilliformis proteins: a combined in-silico and serology approach

Human Bartonellosis: An Underappreciated Public Health Problem?

Molecular detection and clinical characteristics of Bartonella bacilliformis, Leptospira spp., and Rickettsia spp. in the Southeastern Peruvian Amazon basin

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