Co-infection of hepatitis E virus and Plasmodium falciparum malaria: A genuine risk in sub-Saharan Africa

Wang

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

et al. 2023

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a common cause of acute hepatitis that threatens human health worldwide. With the popularization of detection technology, the reports of hepatitis E have gradually increased. Here, we present a rare case of co-infection with hepatitis E viruses, Clonorchis sinensis and Escherichia coli. A 52-year-old man was hospitalized because of fatigue, jaundice, and nausea for more than 2 weeks. Laboratory tests showed elevated bilirubin, aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST); HEV-IgM was positive, and HEV-RNA could be detected. Moreover, parasites were found in the biliary drainage and the biliary culture, which suggested Escherichia coli. The patient was effectively treated with praziquantel, imipenem, and hepatoprotective drugs and his clinical symptoms were relieved after 2 months; total bilirubin decreased to 85.1 μmol/L, ALT decreased to 92.4 U/L, and AST decreased to 102 U/L.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection of hepatitis E virus, Clonorchis sinensis, and Escherichia coli: A case report

Wang

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

et al. 2023

“…3 Co-infection of hepatitis E and P. falciparum malaria are rarely reported in the literature. 4 This is the first reported case in Sri Lanka of a patient co-infected with both hepatitis E and P. falciparum malaria, and both infections were imported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The first reported case of co-infection of imported hepatitis E and <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> malaria in Sri Lanka

Senarathne,

Rajapakse,

De Silva

et al. 2023

Sri Lankan J Infec Dis

Global travel and tourism, especially across tropical countries, may lead to importation of malaria and other infectious diseases into Sri Lanka. This case report describes the first co-infection of imported hepatitis E and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a tourist diagnosed in Sri Lanka. The patient was initially diagnosed with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria and was started on treatment with oral Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT). Deterioration of hepatic enzymes and hyperbilirubinaemia despite the rapid parasitological response to antimalarials led to further investigation and diagnosis of co-infecting hepatitis E in this patient. The importance of clinicians being vigilant on travel associated co-infections is highlighted to ensure early diagnosis and better patient management.

Risk factors for secondary infection after liver failure and effect of comprehensive nursing intervention

Zhang,

Chen,

2024

World J Clin Cases

BACKGROUND In patients with liver failure (LF), the high rate of secondary infections, which are associated with poor prognosis, highlights the clinical significance of understanding the underlying risk factors and implementing targeted intervention programs. AIM To investigate risk factors for secondary infections in patients with LF and evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing interventions. METHODS This retrospective study included 64 patients with LF, including 32 with and 32 without secondary infections. A questionnaire was used to collect data on age; laboratory parameters, including total and direct bilirubin, prothrombin time, blood ammonia, and other biochemical parameters; invasive procedures; and complications. Patients with secondary infections received comprehensive nursing intervention in addition to routine nursing care, whereas those without secondary infections received only routine nursing care to compare the effect of nursing intervention on outcomes. RESULTS The infection rate, which was not associated with age or complications, was significantly associated with biochemical parameters and invasive procedures (P < 0.05). The infection rate was 61.6% in patients who had undergone invasive procedures and 32.1% in those who had not undergone invasive procedures during the hospital stay. The infection rate was also significantly associated with the type of LF (P < 0.05), with the lowest rate observed in patients with acute LF and the highest rate observed in those with subacute LF. The nursing satisfaction rate was 58.3% in the uninfected group and 91.7% in the infected group, indicating significantly higher satisfaction in the infected group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In patients with LF, the rate of secondary infections was high and associated with biochemical parameters and type of LF. Comprehensive nursing intervention can improve patient satisfaction.