“…Consequently, these findings were questioned and assumed to relate to other apicomplexan protists ( Bennett et al, 1993 ). Recent molecular studies, and particularly the application of chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) diagnostic methods, which use genus- and species-specific probes targeting the parasites’ RNA, have proved that tissue stages of Haemoproteus parasites are remarkably diverse and are responsible for the damage of various internal organs ( Ilgūnas et al, 2019 ; Himmel et al, 2019 , Himmel et al, 2024 ; Duc et al, 2023a , 2023b ). Marked damage of lungs, heart, brain, and many other organs by Haemoproteus spp.…”