Co-gasification of plastic wastes and soda lignin in supercritical water

Chen, Cao; Bian, Ce; Wang, Gaoyun; Bai, Baojun; Xie, Yupeng; Jin, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2020.124277

Cited by 114 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…can be applied to efficiently gasify the different plastic wastes. During the gasification, phenol is an important matter decreasing the gasification efficiency. Therefore, it should be overcome to completely gasify the organic wastes 44 . In this regard, plasma gasification can be a suitable solution for hydrogen production from phenol‐based organic wastes. During the gasification of plastics, tar formation, low gasification efficiency, and incomplete gasification reaction are some important problems to be solved.…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the dioxin formation occurring with the gasification process is 2 e‐11 g/m 3 , 1.8 e‐7 g/m 3 of dioxin is released into the atmosphere as a result of burning the biogas produced in the storage areas in torches 40,43 . Therefore, the use of plasma gasification in the disposal of plastic wastes has increasingly become common in recent years thanks to its advantages such as energy recovery, a significant reduction in the use of landfill sites, and low emission values compared with incineration 24‐45 . Especially, the ability to produce high energy content fuel by using the syngas from the gasification of plastic wastes makes this process promising for research and development today 36,46‐48 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A review on converting plastic wastes into clean hydrogen via gasification for better sustainability

Midilli

Küçük

Haciosmanoglu

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary This review paper focuses on converting plastic wastes into clean hydrogen via gasification for better sustainability. In this regard, various aspects of hydrogen production from plastic wastes are discussed and comparatively evaluated, including the state‐of‐the‐art and comparative evaluation, environmental and economical dimensions, global warming aspects, policies and strategies, a case study including energetic and exergetic performance evaluations, challenges and opportunities, and future directions possibly in the area. Additionally, this paper outlines what contributions it makes to the current literature about hydrogen production from plastic wastes by using gasification technologies. Moreover, this paper provides a detailed case study indicating exergetic sustainability aspects for hydrogen production from plastic wastes by applying plasma gasification whose data are taken from the literature. As a result of this case study, some exergetic sustainability indicators are studied for evaluation and comparison purposes. The exergetic sustainability index is found to be decreasing from 0.77 to 0.41 with the fact that exergetic efficiency drops from 0.43 to 0.28 while the environmental impact factor rises from 1.29 to 2.41 with the increase of waste exergy ratio from 0.56 to 0.70. Furthermore, plasma co‐gasification can be recommended as an environmentally‐benign solution for clean hydrogen production from plastic wastes. Highlights Plastic wastes is an important source of hydrogen. Gasification can efficiently be deployed for hydrogen production from plastic wastes. In order to evaluate potential gasification techniques, energetic, economic, environmental, and sustainability aspects should be considered. Plasma gasification appears to be more efficient and effective solution over other methods for higher amount of hydrogen production from plastic wastes.

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Section: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on converting plastic wastes into clean hydrogen via gasification for better sustainability

Midilli

Küçük

Haciosmanoglu

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cao et al [156] in 2020 studied co-gasification of soda lignin produced from black liquor and various plastics (PE, PC, PP, and ABS) in SCW. Once again, synergistic effects were observed between the feedstock.…”

Section: Co-gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of SCWG in the Context of Available Gasification Technologies for Plastic Waste

Ciuffi

Chiaramonti

Rizzo³

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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End of life packaging is nowadays one of the major environmental problems due to its short usage time, the low biodegradability, and the big volume occupied. In this context, gasification is one of the most promising chemical recycling techniques. Some non-recyclable or non-compostable waste gasification plants are already operating such as Enerkem Alberta Biofuels in Canada or the Sierra’s FastOx Pathfinder in California. In this review, we have examined works about plastic gasification from the last fifteen years with a specific focus on polyolefin (PP, PE), plastics mix, and co-gasification of plastic with biomass. For each of these, the best operating conditions were investigated. A very in-depth section was dedicated to supercritical water gasification (SCWG). The most used reactors in gasification processes are fluidized bed reactors together with air or steam as gasifying agents. Tar removal is commonly performed using olivine, dolomite, or nickel based catalysts. SCWG has numerous advantages including the inhibition of tar and coke formation and can be used to remove microplastics from the marine environment. In co-gasification of plastic material with coal or biomass, synergistic effects are observed between the raw materials, which improve the performance of the process, allowing to obtain higher gas yields and a syngas with a high energy content.

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“…Previous studies investigated the advantages of pyrolysis/gasification of biomass and plastics (Alvarez et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2016;Block et al,2018;Burra et al, 2018;Esfahani et al, 2017 andCaO et al, 2020). They include: (i) the feedstock of this technology has stable source because biomass is renewable and plastics is discarded in large quantity; (ii) plastics can be decomposed through pyrolysis/gasification totally within minutes or hours, avoiding long term and low efficient treatment method such as landfill; (iii) H2 can be obtained as product for energy supply; (iv) biomass is carbon neutral and H2 is clean energy, less damage will be imposed to environment; (v) H2 production can be promoted due to synergic effect of biomass and plastics compared to when only biomass or plastics is used for pyrolysis/gasification.…”

Section: Current Progress In Pyrolysis and Gasification Of Biomass And Plasticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on pyrolysis/gasification of biomass and plastics for H2 production under new dual-support catalyst

Chai

Wang

Gao

et al. 2020

Chemical Engineering Journal

103

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Energy security and environmental pollution are two major concerns worldwide. H2 from pyrolysis/gasification of biomass and waste plastics is a clean energy source. However, relatively low yield and composition of H2 is produced using this technology, thus preventing its commercialisation. Catalyst is key to promote H2 production. This paper aims to explore whether newly developed dual-support catalyst Ni-CaO-C can catalyse gasification of volatiles from pyrolysis of different plastics (e.g. high density polyethylene -HDPE, polypropylene -PP and polystyrene -PS) and biomass (e.g. pine sawdust) for H2 production. Experiments with and without catalysts were performed to test the performance of catalyst Ni-CaO-C. Impact of changing operating conditions (i.e. feedstock ratio, reforming temperature and water injection flowrate) on H2 production were also investigated. Results show that catalysts (Ni-Al2O3 or Ni-CaO-C) can effectively promote H2 production. The H2 production using catalyst Ni-CaO-C is much better than catalyst Ni-Al2O3. The catalytic effect of Ni-CaO-C rank in the sequence of HDPE > PP > PS. Plastic content in feedstock is suggested to be less than 40 wt% (for HDPE and PP) and 30 wt% (for PS) when mixing with biomass to reach high H2 production. When the feedstock ratio is constant, high H2 yield (i.e. 80.36 mmol/g) is achieved under relatively 2 low reforming temperature at 700 °C and water injection flowrate at 5 mL/h. However, under the same conditions, PP and PS only have H2 yields at 59.35 mmol/g and 38.51 mmol/g. PS requires even higher temperature (800°C) and water injection flowrate (10 mL/h) to ensure acceptable H2 yields. The new findings presented in this paper can help large scale commercial application of pyrolysis/gasification technologies for biomass and waste plastics.

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Co-gasification of plastic wastes and soda lignin in supercritical water

Cited by 114 publications

References 53 publications

A review on converting plastic wastes into clean hydrogen via gasification for better sustainability

A review on converting plastic wastes into clean hydrogen via gasification for better sustainability

A Critical Review of SCWG in the Context of Available Gasification Technologies for Plastic Waste

Experimental study on pyrolysis/gasification of biomass and plastics for H2 production under new dual-support catalyst

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