“…Most of prethrombin-2 (PT-2) produced in E. coli has minor activity, due to formation of inclusion bodies (Soejima et al, 2001). Therefore, simple strategies to overcome inclusion bodies formation were needed, such as: 1) Intracellular expression with refolding of fusion protein using E. coli Artic express (Maksum et al, 2019;S Silaban et al, 2019a;Silaban et al, 2019b) or coexpression using chaperone (Gupta, 2002;Silaban et al, 2014;Rizkia et al, 2015;Silaban et al, 2019c), 2) Extracellular expression using signal peptide and phospholipase co-expression (Sriwidodo et al, 2017;Maksum et al, 2017c;Melati et al, 2019;Indriyani et al, 2019;Indriyani et al, 2020;Latifah et al, 2020) .…”