Co-evolution in the Jungle: From Leafcutter Ant Colonies to Chromosomal Ends

Tomáška, Ľubomír; Nosek, Jozef

doi:10.1007/s00239-020-09935-3

Cited by 1 publication

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“…The rapid evolutionary sequence diversification of mtHMG proteins may be due to the fact that amino-acid substitutions outside the HMG-boxes are generally neutral. A pairwise comparison of the amino-acid sequences of the other protein components of the mitochondrial nucleoids of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis showed that they are more similar than those of their corresponding HMG proteins [ 49 ], yet mtHMG proteins retain their ability to form functional complexes with the latter, indicating that their faster diversification do not affect functional protein–protein interactions [ 178 ]. Alternatively (or concomitantly) changes in mtHMG proteins may reflect their species-specific biochemical roles in mtDNA maintenance and segregation, or possibly differences in mtDNA base composition and topology.…”

Section: Mthmg Proteins Are Rapidly Evolvingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial HMG-Box Containing Proteins: From Biochemical Properties to the Roles in Human Diseases

et al. 2020

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Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules are packaged into compact nucleo-protein structures called mitochondrial nucleoids (mt-nucleoids). Their compaction is mediated in part by high-mobility group (HMG)-box containing proteins (mtHMG proteins), whose additional roles include the protection of mtDNA against damage, the regulation of gene expression and the segregation of mtDNA into daughter organelles. The molecular mechanisms underlying these functions have been identified through extensive biochemical, genetic, and structural studies, particularly on yeast (Abf2) and mammalian mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) mtHMG proteins. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the biochemical properties of mtHMG proteins, the structural basis of their interaction with DNA, their roles in various mtDNA transactions, and the evolutionary trajectories leading to their rapid diversification. We also describe how defects in the maintenance of mtDNA in cells with dysfunctional mtHMG proteins lead to different pathologies at the cellular and organismal level.

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Section: Mthmg Proteins Are Rapidly Evolvingmentioning

confidence: 99%