Co-doping: an effective strategy for achieving stable p-type ZnO thin films

Ye, Zhizhen; He, Haiping; Jiang, Li Jun

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.08.001

Cited by 69 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…Li + or Cs + at Ni sites is also a widely used method to enhance the NiO conductivity (up to values of ~10-20  -1 cm -1 ) [188] , [189] , [190] , [191] . Analogously, Li doped ZnO (~3.6 eV) has a ptype character, when Li is included as Zn substitutional dopant, but it turns into an n-type when Li is in interstitial sites [192] , [193] .…”

Section: P-typementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Oxides for Photoneuromorphic Engineering: Toward a Solar Brain

Pérez‐Tomás

2019

Adv Materials Inter

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New device concepts and new computing principles are needed to balance our ever-growing appetite for data and information with the realization of the goals of increased energy efficiency, reduction in CO 2 emissions and the circular economy. Neuromorphic or synaptic electronics is an emerging field of research aiming to overcome the current computer's Von-Neumann bottleneck by building artificial neuronal systems to mimic the extremely energy efficient biological synapses. The introduction of photovoltaic and/or photonic aspects into these neuromorphic architectures will produce self-powered adaptive electronics but may also open up new possibilities in artificial neuroscience, artificial neural communications, sensing and machine learning which would enable, in turn, a new era for computational systems owing to the possibility of attaining high bandwidths with much reduced power consumption. This perspective is focused on recent progress in the implementation of functional oxide thinfilms into photovoltaic and neuromorphic applications towards the envisioned goal of selfpowered photovoltaic neuromorphic systems or a solar brain.

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Section: P-typementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Oxides for Photoneuromorphic Engineering: Toward a Solar Brain

Pérez‐Tomás

2019

Adv Materials Inter

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“…As reported, a heavy Co-doping would significantly improve the anode performance of ZnO, such as conductivity, stability, and Li diffusion ability. 34,40,41 Besides, electron-probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA) mapping also gives similar element distribution results (Figure 1g).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Neuron-Mimic Smart Electrode: A Two-Dimensional Multiscale Synergistic Strategy for Densely Packed and High-Rate Lithium Storage

Wang

Kong

et al. 2019

ACS Nano

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Conventional microsized and nanosized secondary battery electrodes inevitably suffer from poor rate capability and low tap density, respectively. Inspired by a multipolar neuron consisting of a centric micron-soma and multiple divergent nanodendrites, we propose a smart electrode design based on a two-dimensional (2D) multiscale synergistic strategy, for addressing both of the above problems. As a proof of concept, multiple Zn-doped Co-based regional-nanoarrays are grown on one Co-doped Zn-based micron-star in a 2D mode via a facile one-pot liquid-phase process, serving as a representative neuronmimic anode for lithium-ion batteries. The 2D assembly well retains the tap density advantage derived from the micronstar subunit. Combined analysis of three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction, Li-storage kinetics, and in situ transmission electron microscopy reveal a smart electrochemical behavior similar to a neuron working mechanism, which significantly enhances rate capability as compared to the single micron-star subunit. A mutual-doping effect also benefits high-rate lithium storage as verified by density functional theory calculations. As expected, superior reversible areal capacity (2.52 mA h cm −2 ), high long-term capacity retention (<0.024% loss per cycle over 800 cycles after initial 5 cycles), and enhanced rate capability (1 order of magnitude higher than the microsized electrode) are obtained, accompanied by considerable high-temperature endurance.

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“…The previous researches have also reported the poor stability of p-type ZnO, which is easy to convert into n-type conductivity at room temperature [10][11][12][13]. Not only the intrinsic donor defects, but also the deep acceptor levels and low acceptor doping solid solubility are the reasons why p-type doping ZnO is tough to achieve [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient and stable p-type ZnO nanowires with piezotronic effect for photoelectrochemical water splitting

et al. 2019

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Unremitting efforts have been made to develop high-performance photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting system to produce clean hydrogen fuel using sunlight. In this work, a novel way, combining highly-ordered nanowires (NWs) structure and piezotronic effect of p-type ZnO has been demonstrated to dramatically enhance PEC hydrogen evolution performance. Systematic characterizations indicate that the Sb atoms uniformly dope into ZnO NWs and substitute Zn sites with the introduction of two zinc vacancies to form the shallow acceptor SbZn-2VZn complex.Detailed synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) experiments in O K-edge and Zn L-edge further confirm the formation of the complex, and theoretical calculation verifies the Sb 5+ state dominating the complex. The optimal photocurrent density of the 0.2Sb/ZnO-anneal NWs can reach -0.85 mA/cm 2 (0 VRHE) which is 17.2 times larger than that of the n-ZnO NWs under sunlight illumination (100 mW/cm 2 ). Furthermore, the piezotronic effect can be introduced to regulate the charge separation and transfer in the ZnO NWs through modulating the band structure near the interface. The photocurrent density can further increase to -1.08 mA/cm 2 (0 VRHE) under a 0.6% tensile strain, which is 27.4% enhancement with respect to the ZnO sample without strain. These results provide an efficient way to design and develop highperformance photoelectrodes toward PEC hydrogen evolution.

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Co-doping: an effective strategy for achieving stable p-type ZnO thin films

Cited by 69 publications

References 203 publications

Functional Oxides for Photoneuromorphic Engineering: Toward a Solar Brain

Functional Oxides for Photoneuromorphic Engineering: Toward a Solar Brain

Neuron-Mimic Smart Electrode: A Two-Dimensional Multiscale Synergistic Strategy for Densely Packed and High-Rate Lithium Storage

Highly efficient and stable p-type ZnO nanowires with piezotronic effect for photoelectrochemical water splitting

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