Co‐Delivery of Doxorubicin and Chloroquine by Polyglycerol Functionalized MoS2 Nanosheets for Efficient Multidrug‐Resistant Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Abstract2D MoS2 has shown a great potential in biomedical applications, due to its superior loading capacity, photothermal property, and biodegradation. In this work, polyglycerol functionalized MoS2 nanosheets with photothermal and pH dual‐stimuli responsive properties are used for the co‐delivery of doxorubicin and chloroquine and treatment of multidrug‐resistant HeLa (HeLa‐R) cells. The polyglycerol functionalized MoS2 nanosheets with 80 nm average size show a high biocompatibility and loading efficiency (≈90%) for both drugs. The release of drugs from the nanosheets at pH 5.5 is significantly promoted by laser irradiation leading to efficient destruction of incubated HeLa‐R cells. In vitro evaluation shows that the designed nanoplatform has a high ability to kill HeLa‐R cells. Confocal experiments demonstrate that the synthesized drug delivery system enhances the cellular uptake of DOX via folic acid targeting ligand. Taking advantage of the combined properties including biocompatibility and targeting ability as well as high loading capacity and photothermal release, this multifunctional nanosystem is a promising candidate for anticancer therapy.

A comprehensive review of synthesis, structure, properties, and functionalization of MoS2; emphasis on drug delivery, photothermal therapy, and tissue engineering applications

“…Firstly, MoS 2 layers were generated on the surface of the Si/SiO 2 substrate by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and then exposed for 2 s to the Ar + atmosphere to create more sulfur vacancies and more active sites for the subsequent reaction. Xu et al prepared hyper-branched polyglycerol functionalized with lipoic acid and folic acid, attached it to the MoS 2 via covalent disulfide linkages, and subsequently loaded Chloroquine and doxorubicin drugs for targeted delivery to (HeLa-R) cells [101]. Lipoic acid acts as a bidentate sulfur ligand to bind the polymeric compound covalently to the structure of MoS 2 by simply mixing overnight at room temperature.…”

Chloroquine and Chemotherapeutic Compounds in Experimental Cancer Treatment

“…In HeLa cells, CQ enhanced the cytotoxicity of DOX encapsulated in pH-sensitive liposomes (SpHL-DOX) created to accelerate drug delivery in acidic environments [60]. DOX/CQ co-loading in polyglycerol functionalized MoS 2 nanosheets (DOX/CQ-FPMoS 2 ) designed for targeted delivery and chemo-photothermal therapy enhanced the anticancer effect of laser irradiation in multidrug-resistant HeLa (HeLa-R) cells [61]. The delivery of simultaneously encapsulated DOX•HCl and CQ in pH-responsive cholesteryl hemisuccinate self-assembled nanovesicles (DC-DIV/C) to DOX-resistant K562/ADR, and MCF-7/ADR cells or nude mice bearing a drug-resistant K562/ADR xenograft led to a much stronger antitumor effect accompanied by apoptosis and the blockage of autophagosome and lysosome fusion [62].…”

Study of the Fe3O4@ZIF-8@Sor Composite Modified by Tannic Acid for the Treatment of Sorafenib-Resistant Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“… 10 Different nanomaterials may confer new properties while loading drugs. Xu et al 11 prepared a MoS 2 nanosheet, which has both drug-loading and photothermal capabilities. Based on these findings, this study generated a tumor treatment method combining nanomaterials and chemotherapeutic agents.…”