Co-cracking of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and vacuum gasoil (VGO) under refinery conditions

Rodríguez, Edgar Charry; Gutiérrez, Alazne; Palos, Roberto; Vela, Francisco J.; Azkoiti, Miren J.; Arandes, José M.; Bilbao, Javier

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.122602

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Indeed, the similarity between polyethylene and polypropylene and the typical feedstocks of FCC units has led to multiple studies assessing co-feeding in refineries. 23–26…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the similarity between polyethylene and polypropylene and the typical feedstocks of FCC units has led to multiple studies assessing co-feeding in reneries. [23][24][25][26] The choice of the reactor also plays an important part in the pyrolysis, with the majority of the reported work being done in xed, uidized, or spouted bed reactors. 27 Yet, a signicant number of commercial plants focused on converting polymer waste into fuels and olens are based on a stirred tank or rotary kiln technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zeolite shape selectivity impact on LDPE and PP catalytic pyrolysis products and coke nature

Hasan

Batalha

Fraga

et al. 2022

Sustainable Energy Fuels

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“…Indeed, the similarity between polyethylene and polypropylene and the typical feedstocks of FCC units has led to multiple studies assessing co-feeding in refineries. 23–26…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zeolite shape selectivity impact on LDPE and PP catalytic pyrolysis products and coke nature

Hasan

Batalha

Fraga

et al. 2022

Sustainable Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Each one of these steps is influenced by a number of factors such as adsorption capacity, intrinsic reactivity and diffusivity into the porous structure of the catalyst. These facts explain the existence of considerable synergies in the cracking of mixtures of hydrocarbons under the standard conditions of a FCC unit. − …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Synergy in the Cocracking under FCC Conditions of a Phenolic Compound in the Bio-oil and a Model Compound for Vacuum Gasoil

Ibarra

Palos

Arandes

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The catalytic cracking of 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol (MMP) and of a mixture of this compound (20 wt %) with nhexadecane (C 16 ) has been conducted in a CREC Riser Simulator Reactor at 400−550 °C using an equilibrium FCC commercial catalyst. The MMP and C 16 have been selected as model compounds of bio-oil and vacuum gasoil (VGO), respectively. The analyses of the conversion and product lump yields (dry gas, LPG, gasoline, and coke) have showed that there were synergistic effects between the reactions of the two feeds. The main synergistic effect is the reduction of the yield of coke with respect to that obtained with the individual feeds, as a consequence of the effect of the hydrogen-transfer reactions and the presence of steam on the coke formation mechanisms. The lower deactivation of the catalyst brings a lower yield of dry gas and a higher of gasoline. As a result of the study using model compounds, it is anticipated that the reduction of the catalyst deactivation is a favorable factor in the upgrading of bio-oil together with VGO in FCC units.

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“…Inherent mass-and heat-transfer limitations of the solvent-free reaction involving a polymeric starting material, [49][50][51] could be mitigated by employing a solvent. 52,53 Hence, nC 16 was applied as a reactive solvent (note that the total carbon molar number was maintained, i.e. nC 16 + PE = ~ 1.4 + 0.2 g corresponding to ~ 112 mmol of carbon, catalyst = 0.1 g).…”

Section: Pe Depolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyolefin depolymerization over silica-alumina-based catalysts: mechanistic classifications and benchmarking

Dyson

Lee

Muyden

et al. 2022

Preprint

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C-C bond cleavage mechanisms play a key role in the selective deconstruction of alkanes and polyolefins. The product distributions, i.e., formation of smaller hydrocarbons, unsaturated and isomerization products, serve as distinctive features that help to identify reaction pathways. Herein, Co, Ni or Ru nanoparticles immobilized on amorphous silica-alumina, Zeo-Y and ZSM-5, were evaluated as catalysts in the deconstruction of n-hexadecane (used as a model substrate for benchmarking purposes) with hydrogen to delineate the different mechanisms, i.e. monofunctional- (acid site dominated) or bifunctional-hydrocracking (acid site & metal site) versus hydrogenolysis (metal site dominated). The ZSM-5_H-based catalysts were further studied in the depolymerization of polyethylene. Based on these studies, the catalysts were plotted on an activity-mechanism map that functions as an expandable basis to benchmark catalytic activity and to identify the optimal depolymerization catalyst to afford specific products.

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Co-cracking of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and vacuum gasoil (VGO) under refinery conditions

Cited by 27 publications

References 63 publications

Zeolite shape selectivity impact on LDPE and PP catalytic pyrolysis products and coke nature

Zeolite shape selectivity impact on LDPE and PP catalytic pyrolysis products and coke nature

Synergy in the Cocracking under FCC Conditions of a Phenolic Compound in the Bio-oil and a Model Compound for Vacuum Gasoil

Polyolefin depolymerization over silica-alumina-based catalysts: mechanistic classifications and benchmarking

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