Co-adaptation of Apis cerana Fabr. and Varroa jacobsoni Oud

Rath, Werner

doi:10.1051/apido:19990202

Cited by 133 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Of the various factors that have been proposed, only the high percentage of infertile mites observed in Africanized worker brood (Rosenkranz and Engels, 1994;Rosenkranz, 1999) can be regarded a key factor for this relatively balanced host-parasite relationship. Observations in the original host, Apis cerana, suggest that its tolerance to Varroa is in part due to mechanisms of behavioral defense like grooming and removal of infested brood (Rosenkranz et al, 1993;Boecking and Spivak, 1999;Rath, 1999). Similar reactions have also been assumed for Africanized honey bees, reactions which have been considered less well expressed in non-Varroa-tolerant European honey bees (Guzman-Novoa et al, 1999;Guerra et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

A comparison of the hygienic response of Africanized and European (Apis mellifera carnica) honey bees to Varroa-infested brood in tropical Brazil

2000

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In order to examine the significance of hygienic behavior for the tolerance to varroosis of Africanized honey bees, they were compared with non-tolerant Carniolans in tropical Brazil. Capped worker brood cells were artificially infested with living Varroa mites, and inspected some days later. Uncapping, disappearance of the introduced mite and removal of the pupa were recorded in a total of manipulated 3,096 cells during three summer seasons. The hygienic response varied between Africanized and Carniolan colonies, but this difference was significant only in one year, during which Africanized honey bees removed a significantly greater proportion of Varroa mites than European honey bees. A high proportion of the mites disappeared from artificially infested brood cells without damage to the pupae. The opening of the cell and the removal of the bee brood are independent traits of a graded response by adult workers towards mite-infested brood cells. We found a higher between-colony variation in the reaction towards Varroa-infested brood of Africanized honey bees compared to Carniolans. The overall similar response of the two bee types indicates that hygienic behavior is not a key factor in the tolerance to varroosis of Africanized bees in Brazil.
Com o intuito de examinar o significado do comportamento higiênico na tolerância à varroose de abelhas africanizadas, elas foram comparadas com as não tolerantes Cárnicas no Brasil tropical. Células de cria de operárias operculadas foram artificialmente infestadas com ácaros Varroa vivos e inspecionadas alguns dias depois. Desoperculação, desaparecimento dos ácaros introduzidos e remoção da pupa foram anotados em um total de 3096 células manipuladas durante três verões. A resposta higiênica variou entre as colônias africanizadas e de Cárnicas, mas esta diferença foi significante apenas em um ano, durante o qual as abelhas africanizadas removeram uma proporção significantemente maior de ácaros Varroa que as abelhas européias. Uma grande porporção de ácaros desapareceram das células das crias artificialmente infestadas, sem danos às pupas. A abertura da célula e remoção das crias das abelhas são características independentes de uma resposta graduada por parte de operárias adultas com relação a células de crias infestadas por ácaros. Nós encontramos uma variação maior entre colônias na reação de abelhas africanizadas à cria infestada por Varroa, quando comparadas a abelhas Cárnicas. A resposta geralmente similar dos dois tipos de abelhas indica que o comportamento higiênico não é um fator importante na tolerância à varroose de abelhas africanizadas no Brasil

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

A comparison of the hygienic response of Africanized and European (Apis mellifera carnica) honey bees to Varroa-infested brood in tropical Brazil

2000

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“…Damage to Asian honeybee colonies is rarely experienced since a stable host-parasite relationship has been established over a long evolutionary scale (Rath 1999). Such a relationship is distinguishably missing with the European honeybee.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Varroa mite-surviving Apis mellifera honeybee populations

2015

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-The Varroa destructor mite is the largest threat to apiculture worldwide and has been responsible for devastating losses of wild honeybee populations in Europe and North America. However, Varroa mite-resistant populations of A. mellifera honeybees have been reported and documented around the world with a variety of explanations for their long-term survival with uncontrolled mite infestation. This review synthesizes the work on naturally occurring survival to Varroa mites and discusses what these honeybee populations can signify for apiculture.Varroa destructor / mite resistance / host-parasite adaptations / natural selection / apiculture

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“…For example, A. cerana colonies are better in collecting scattered floral resources (Miyamoto 1958), have a lower minimum foraging temperature (Tan et al 2012), and exhibit a stronger defense against hornets (Abrol 2006;Ono et al 1995). Notably, as the natural host of Varroa destructor , A. cerana is resistant to the parasite after long term of host-parasite coevolution (Rath 1999). Therefore, it is possible that the rate and pattern of colony losses of A. cerana are different from those of A. mellifera .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managed honeybee colony losses of the Eastern honeybee (Apis cerana) in China (2011–2014)

et al. 2017

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-Colony losses of managed honeybees have raised a major concern, and surveys of colony losses were conducted around the globe to understand the apicultural situation. Up to now, most studies have focused on the mortality of the Western honeybee (Apis mellifera ); however, little is known about the mortality of its eastern counterpart-the Eastern honeybee (Apis cerana ). Here, we report the survey results of A. cerana colony losses in three consecutive years (2011-2012, 2012-2013, and 2013-2014) in China. Colony losses were low overall (12.8%, 95% CI 11.9-13.7%) but varied among years, provinces, and types of apiaries. We used generalized linear mixed effects models to estimate the effects of possible risk factors and found that queen problems (queenless or dronelaying queens) were associated with colony losses. Further analyses showed that differences in mortality among different types of apiaries may be contributable to the differences in queen problems. This is the first survey of colony losses of A. cerana .

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Co-adaptation of Apis cerana Fabr. and Varroa jacobsoni Oud

Cited by 133 publications

References 28 publications

A comparison of the hygienic response of Africanized and European (Apis mellifera carnica) honey bees to Varroa-infested brood in tropical Brazil

A comparison of the hygienic response of Africanized and European (Apis mellifera carnica) honey bees to Varroa-infested brood in tropical Brazil

Natural Varroa mite-surviving Apis mellifera honeybee populations

Managed honeybee colony losses of the Eastern honeybee (Apis cerana) in China (2011–2014)

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