Co-activation of jaw and neck muscles during submaximum clenching in the supine position

Giannakopoulos, Nikolaos Nikitas; Schindler, H. J.; Rammelsberg, Peter; Eberhard, Lydia; Schmitter, Marc; Hellmann, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.09.002

Cited by 34 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…LLTA of motor units (also known as Cinderella units) has been observed in previous studies of neck muscles, and it has been hypothesised they might be a source of muscle lesions or fatigue in neck pain patients . Under identical experimental conditions, comparable findings have also been observed for the supine position …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The force‐measurement apparatus, which was connected to a chair, could be adapted to the individual anatomy of the subject sitting on the chair such that all vertical rods were in gentle contact with the head in a horizontal plane. In this position, the subjects were able to load the neck muscles in eight directions with maximum effort by firmly pressing the head against a specific vertical rod, as described in detail elsewhere …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bipolar wire electrodes were used to record, bilaterally, signals from the semispinalis capitis (SSCA), splenius capitis (SCA) and levator scapulae (LSC). These were selected because in previous studies, most of the LLTA under clenching activity had been observed in these muscles.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For better delineation of the muscles from the surrounding fat tissue and fascia, the MRI sequence was performed out of phase with an echo time of 3.72 ms. Axial images at the level of the 5th cervical vertebra, perpendicular to an axis given by the points of contact between the MRI table and the back of the head and the upper back were used to determine insertion region, penetration depth and angulation of the needles carrying the wire electrodes. More details about the MRI and the modified adjustable head and chin‐positioning device (NovaVision AG, Magdeburg, Germany), used during insertion of the wires to reproduce the anatomical geometry of the neck as depicted in the MRI scans, can be found elsewhere …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences between EMG activity of neck muscles on the right and left sides, and those between activity recorded during incursive and excursive grinding were tested by use of paired t tests. Differences between previous EMG recordings during jaw clenching and chewing of artificial test food and the current EMG of the same muscles were assessed by analysis of variance. A Bonferroni correction was performed to compensate for multiple testing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co‐contraction behaviour of masticatory and neck muscles during tooth grinding

Giannakopoulos

Schindler

Hellmann

2018

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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The objective of this study was to analyse the co-contraction behaviour of jaw and neck muscles during force-controlled experimental grinding in the supine position. Twelve symptom-free subjects were enrolled in the experimental study. Electromyographic (EMG) activity of semispinalis capitis, splenius capitis and levator scapulae muscles was recorded bilaterally with intramuscular fine-wire electrodes, whereas that of sternocleidomastoideus, infrahyoidal, suprahyoidal, masseter and anterior temporalis muscles were registered with surface electrodes. EMG and force measurements were performed during tasks simulating tooth grinding on custom-made intraoral metal splints. The mean EMG activity normalised by maximum voluntary contraction (% MVC) of each of the neck muscles studied during grinding was analysed and compared with previous data from jaw clenching at identical force (100 N) and (supine) position. The occurrence of low-level, long-lasting tonic activation (LLTA) of motor units was also documented. The mean three-dimensional force vector of the grinding forces was 106 ± 74 N. In the frontal plane, the incline to the midsagittal plane ranged between 10° and 15°. In the midsagittal plane, the incline to the frontal plane was negligibly small. Posterior neck muscle activity during grinding ranged between 4.5% and 12% MVC and during clenching with 100 N between 1.8% and 9.9% MVC. Masticatory muscle activity during grinding ranged between 17% and 21% MVC for contralateral masseter and ipsilateral temporalis and between 4% and 6.5% for ipsilateral masseter and contralateral temporalis. LLTA had an average duration of 195 ± 10 seconds. The findings from this study do not support pathophysiological muscle chain theories postulating simple biomechanical coupling of neck and jaw muscles. Co-contractions of neck and masticatory muscles may instead occur as a result of complex neurophysiological interactions.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Co‐contraction behaviour of masticatory and neck muscles during tooth grinding

Giannakopoulos

Schindler

Hellmann

2018

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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Coordinated features in jaw and neck muscle activities induced by chewing of soft and hard gum in healthy subjects

Ishii

Narita

Endô

et al. 2021

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Backgrounds: Jaw and neck muscles may be activated by chewing load using a hard food. However, it remains unclear how effects the gum hardness to the coordinated features in jaw and neck muscle activities during chewing performance.Objectives: This study was conducted to quantitatively elucidate the effects of the hardness of the gum on coordinated features in jaw and neck muscle activities using intermuscular EMG-EMG transfer function and EMG-EMG coherence function analyses in 18 healthy subjects.Methods: Jaw and neck muscle activities were aggregated into the first peak frequency of the power spectrum, and power, gain, phase, and coherence parameters between jaw and neck muscle activities were examined in the first peak frequencies during soft and hard gum chewing. Results:The first peak frequency was not significantly different between soft and hard gum chewing. In contrast, power values of the jaw and neck muscles were significantly increased by chewing of hard gum as compared with soft gum, whereas gain, phase, and coherence were not significantly changed by gum hardness. Conclusions:The chewing rhythm, the quantitative and temporal coordination, and the functional coordination in jaw and neck muscle activities were not changed during soft and hard gum chewing, as well as increased jaw and neck muscles activities.It is therefore concluded that the chewing rhythmicity and jaw and neck muscles coordination accompanied with the increased jaw and neck muscle activities are maintained under the condition of the chewing load using gum hardness in the healthy individuals.

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