CNN-LSTM for Heartbeat Sound Classification

Abstract

Cardiovascular disorders are among the primary causes of death. Regularly monitoring the heart is of paramount importance in preventing fatalities arising from heart diseases. Heart disease monitoring encompasses various approaches, including the analysis of heartbeat sounds. The auditory patterns of a heartbeat can serve as indicators of heart health. This study aims to build a new model for categorizing heartbeat sounds based on associated ailments. The Phonocardiogram (PCG) method digitizes and records heartbeat sounds. By converting heartbeat sounds into digital data, researchers are empowered to develop a deep learning model capable of discerning heart defects based on distinct cardiac rhythms. This study proposes the utilization of Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients for feature extraction, leveraging their application in voice data analysis. These extracted features are subsequently employed in a multi-step classification process. The classification process merges a convolutional neural network (CNN) with a long short-term memory network (LSTM), forming a comprehensive deep learning architecture. This architecture is further enhanced through optimization utilizing the Adagrad optimizer. To examine the effectiveness of the proposed method, its classification performance is evaluated using the "Heartbeat Sounds" dataset sourced from Kaggle. Experimental results underscore the effectiveness of the proposed method by comparing it with simple CNN, CNN with vanilla LSTM, and traditional machine learning methods (MLP, SVM, Random Forest, and k-NN).