CMV DNA is rarely detected in healthy blood donors using validated PCR assays

Roback, John D.; Drew, W. Lawrence; Laycock, Megan E.; Todd, Deborah; Hillyer, Christopher D.; Busch, Michael P.

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00312.x

Cited by 71 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The results on the TT-, CMV-, EBV-, and HSV-specific CD4 T cell response shown in the present study were performed in blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors. With regard to the evaluation of virus, i.e., CMV, EBV, or HSV levels, it is well known that CMV viremia (plasma or cell associated) is not detectable in healthy donors and is measurable only during primary CMV infection or in immunocompromised patients with CMV-associated disease (47). EBV viremia, e.g., cell-associated DNA, was evaluated in 8 of 18 healthy donors investigated, and very low viremia levels were only found in 3 of 8 subjects (18,135, and 176 EBV DNA copies per 160,000 blood mononuclear cells in subjects 272, 275, and 259, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Heterogeneity of Memory CD4 T Cell Responses in Different Conditions of Antigen Exposure and Persistence

Harari

Vallelian

Meylan

et al. 2005

The Journal of Immunology

264

251

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Memory CD4 T cell responses are functionally and phenotypically heterogeneous. In the present study, memory CD4 T cell responses were analyzed in different models of Ag-specific immune responses differing on Ag exposure and/or persistence. Ag-specific CD4 T cell responses for tetanus toxoid, HSV, EBV, CMV, and HIV-1 were compared. Three distinct patterns of T cell response were observed. A dominant single IL-2 CD4 T cell response was associated with the model in which the Ag can be cleared. Polyfunctional (single IL-2 plus IL-2/IFN-γ plus single IFN-γ) CD4 T cell responses were associated with Ag persistence and low Ag levels. A dominant single IFN-γ CD4 T cell response was associated with the model of Ag persistence and high Ag levels. The results obtained supported the hypothesis that the different patterns observed were substantially influenced by different conditions of Ag exposure and persistence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Heterogeneity of Memory CD4 T Cell Responses in Different Conditions of Antigen Exposure and Persistence

Harari

Vallelian

Meylan

et al. 2005

The Journal of Immunology

264

251

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Currently, three different strategies in addition to leukodepletion, with different assets and drawbacks, have been proposed to avoid TT-CMV infection, i.e., (i) provision of seronegative blood products (19), (ii) transfusion of blood products from long-term-seropositive donors (16), or (iii) transfusion of CMV DNA-negative blood products (20). The transfusion of CMV-seronegative blood products is a reasonable approach to avoid the transfusion of blood products from donors with latent infections or late-phase primary infections, but it could involve the risk of transfusion of blood products from donors with primary CMV infections (window-period donations), since IgG antibodies after primary CMV infection do not occur until 6 to 8 weeks after infection (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Evaluation of Different Nucleic Acid Amplification Assays for Cytomegalovirus Detection: Feasibility of Blood Donor Screening

2015

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Acute primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, which commonly occur asymptomatically among blood donors, represent a significant risk for serious morbidity in immunocompromised patients (a major group of transfusion recipients). We implemented a routine CMV pool screening procedure for plasma for the identification of CMV DNA-positive donors, and we evaluated the sensitivities and performance of different CMV DNA amplification systems. Minipools (MPs) of samples from 18,405 individual donors (54,451 donations) were screened for CMV DNA using the RealStar CMV PCR assay (Altona Diagnostic Technologies), with a minimum detection limit of 11.14 IU/ml. DNA was extracted with a high-volume protocol (4.8 ml, Chemagic Viral 5K kit; PerkinElmer) for blood donor pool screening (MP-nucleic acid testing [NAT]) and with the Nuclisens easyMAG system (0. H uman cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous viral pathogen that causes mostly asymptomatic disease in immunocompetent individuals. In immunocompromised patients, however, CMV infection represents a significant risk for serious morbidity, e.g., due to interstitial pneumonia or hepatitis (1-3). Immunocompromised patients, such as patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), solid-organ transplant recipients, infants with low birth weights, fetuses, pregnant woman, HIV patients, and patients being treated for hematological malignancies, belong to the major groups of transfusion recipients, and CMV-seronegative individuals were considered high-risk patients for transfusion-transmitted (TT)-CMV infections (4-6). The introduction of leukodepletion of blood products and provision of CMV-seronegative blood products reduced the incidence of TT-CMV infections in at-risk populations by 92%. However, TT-CMV breakthrough infections occur in 1 to 3% of high-risk patients who receive transfusions (4-6), possibly due to windowphase donations during acute primary CMV infections.The seroprevalence rates of CMV antibodies among blood donors show geographic differences, ranging from 45.8% in Germany to 96.5% in Brazil (3, 7). Primary CMV infections in blood donors occur in all age groups, with prevalence rates between 0.2 and 1.2% (3,6,8,9). The disease presentation is mostly asymptomatic, frequently with a prolonged course (10, 11). Mononucleosis-like symptoms are rare, whereas nonspecific viral disease symptoms occur often but not at significantly increased rates, compared to matched control groups (3,5).Determination of the prevalence of primary CMV infections among blood donors represents an important parameter for the effective prevention of 12). The aim of the present study was implementation of routine CMV DNA screening according to the setup used for our standard viral nucleic acid MATERIALS AND METHODSBlood donors. A total of 54,451 allogeneic blood donations from 18,405 individual German blood donors were routinely screened for the presence of CMV DNA by the Uni.Blutspendedienst OWL between March and June 2013. Master pools of 96 donations were set up by combin...

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“…Im Zeitraum zwischen Infektion und erstmals nachweisbaren HCMV-Antikörpern (6 bis 8 Wochen) wird nach übereinstimmenden Untersuchungen eine Virämie beobachtet [47,124,[130][131][132]. Eine Studie von Ziemann und Mitarbeitern mit einer sensitiven PCR konnte in 44 % der von Serokonvertern stammenden Plasmen HCMV-DNA, z. T. bis zu einem Jahr nach Serokonversion nachweisen.…”

Section: Belastung Des Ausgangsmaterials Und Testmethodenunclassified

Humanes Cytomegalievirus (HCMV)

2017

Bundesgesundheitsbl

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CMV DNA is rarely detected in healthy blood donors using validated PCR assays

Cited by 71 publications

References 43 publications

Functional Heterogeneity of Memory CD4 T Cell Responses in Different Conditions of Antigen Exposure and Persistence

Functional Heterogeneity of Memory CD4 T Cell Responses in Different Conditions of Antigen Exposure and Persistence

Systematic Evaluation of Different Nucleic Acid Amplification Assays for Cytomegalovirus Detection: Feasibility of Blood Donor Screening

Humanes Cytomegalievirus (HCMV)

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