CMOS image sensor with mixed-signal processor array

Single-Chip Eye Tracker Using Smart CMOS Image Sensor Pixels

“…The major advantages of the CMOS image sensor (CIS) are low power consumption and compatibility with mainstream silicon technologies. Furthermore, the most important property is the implementation of smart pixels that contain analog, digital, or mixed-signal processing circuits on the same silicon chip with photosensor array [6][7][8][9][10][11]. A number of smart pixel cellular neural networks [12,13] that perform image processing and pattern recognition have been reported in the literature.…”

Dynamic sensor compensation using analogue adaptive filter compatible with digital technology

“…In the sensor research community, efforts have focused on making silicon-based sensors and circuit designers investigate techniques to develop CMOS compatible analogue electronic circuits [6,7,8,9,10] because this is dominant processing technology used for integrated circuits and systems. Despite the effectiveness of the op-amp based compensation filter reported in [5], the filter is not compatible with digital CMOS technology since it contains resistors and capacitors.…”

“…The filter is designed using switched-current (SI) techniques, which exploit the ability of a MOS transistor to maintain its drain current, when its gate is open-circuited, through the charge stored on the parasitic gate oxide capacitance, and without the explicit need for designed capacitors. SI techniques are increasingly being applied to sensor applications as demonstrated in publications [6,10,12]. The application of SI to dynamic sensor compensation has not been addressed in the literature, and is therefore the main aim of this paper.…”

Adaptive Sensor Response Correction using Analog Filter Compatible with Digital Technology

“…In recent years, the quest for smaller and cheaper electronic systems has led manufactures to integrate systems onto a single chip (Systems on Chip, SoC). In the sensor research community, efforts have focused on making silicon-based sensors and circuit designers investigate techniques to develop CMOS compatible analog electronic circuits [5,6,7] because this is dominant processing technology for integrated circuits and systems. Despite the effectiveness of the op-amp based compensation filter reported in [4], the filter is not compatible with digital CMOS technology since it contains resistors and capacitors.…”

“…The filter is designed using switchedcurrent (SI) techniques, which exploit the ability of a MOS transistor to maintain its drain current, when its gate is opencircuited, through the charge stored on the parasitic gate oxide capacitance, and without the explicit need for designed capacitors [9]. SI techniques are increasingly being applied to sensor applications [5,7]. The application of SI to dynamic sensor compensation has not been addressed in the literature, and is therefore the main aim of this paper.…”