“…In this paper, we describe the use of a lab-on-CMOS biosensor for studying macrophage dynamics in their growth phase. A lab-on-CMOS device is a platform that integrates lab-on-a-chip technology with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) chips for biosensing (Roussel et al ., 2006; Christen and Andreou, 2007; Sawan, Miled and Ghafar-Zadeh, 2010; Ghallab and Ismail, 2014; Yin, Li and Mason, 2016; Mason and Wan, 2017; Li, Yin and Mason, 2018; Lin et al ., 2022). The chips can feature circuits that are configured to transduce biophysical and biochemical events to the electrical domain and signal processing hardware for measurement, conditioning, and reporting.…”