Cluster spacing optimization of multi-stage fracturing in horizontal shale gas wells based on stimulated reservoir volume evaluation

Lin, Rungtai; Ren, Lan; Zhao, Jinzhou; Wu, Lei; Li, Yuanzhao

doi:10.1007/s12517-016-2823-x

Cited by 43 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…To simulate the fracture propagation, first, discretize the plane for fracture propagation into discrete elements and set the initial fracture element, the initial fluid pressure p, and the simulation time step Δt; then calculate the fluid flow function in Equations ( 3)-( 4) by coupling the fluid continuity function in Equation ( 5) based on the given geological parameters to obtain the fracture width w; third, calculate the elastic function in Equation (1) using the calculated w to obtain the new fluid pressure p. Compare the new fluid pressure with the initial fluid pressure, if not converge, set the new fluid pressure as the initial fluid pressure and restart the iteration, until these two fluid pressure converge. Once one simulation time step is done and the width of fracture edge elements is obtained, it will be evaluated by the critical fracture width in Equation (7), and if the width of the fracture edge is larger than the critical fracture width, the fracture will continue propagating, then add elements opened by the fracture edge into the fracture and back to the iteration procedure to recalculate the fluid pressure and width for the new fracture. Repeat this procedure and continue increasing the fracture elements until the fracturing injection operation is completed.…”

Section: : ð2þmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most representative ones are the KGD model [4] and the PKN model [5], for which the KGD model is more suitable for the case when fracture length is not much longer than the fracture height, while the PKN model is more suitable for the case when the fracture length is much longer than the fracture height [6]. On this basis, many numerical models for hydraulic fracture propagation have been gradually developed and can be summarized into three categories: boundary element model (BEM) [7], finite element model (FEM) [8], and discrete element model (DEM) [9]. Comparing the FEM and DEM, the BEM only needs to divide the simulated fracture surface, not the entire domain, which gives it a fast simulation speed and strong flexibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Numerical Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing in Multilayered Thin Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir

Zhang¹,

Bai²,

Xu³

et al. 2023

Geofluids

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Hydraulic fracturing is a necessary measurement to realize the commercial exploitation of oil and gas, but its application in multilayered thin tight sandstone gas reservoirs is still not perfect, which usually have thin gas layers mixed with complex intervals, and shows a dramatic variation in geological and geomechanical properties in the vertical direction. When conventional hydraulic fracturing methods are applied to this kind of reservoir, it is hard to get proper fracture propagation, especially for fracture height control. Facing this situation, this paper proposes a numerical study of the hydraulic fracturing mechanism and analyzes its influencing factors in the multilayered thin tight sandstone gas reservoir. Relying on a real reservoir in the Ordos Basin in China, relevant geological and geomechanical parameters of major gas layers and interlayers are obtained. According to these parameters, the hydraulic fracturing simulation in the multilayered thin tight gas reservoir model is carried out, based on which, the sensitivity analysis of different geological and fracturing parameters which affect the fracture propagation is performed. Furthermore, a real low-production well after fracturing in this kind of reservoir is selected as an example, and based on the analysis, an optimized fracturing scheme is proposed to adapt to the characteristics of the reservoir. According to the comparison of fracturing and production simulations, the optimized fracturing scheme can prevent hydraulic fractures from breaking through thin interlayers, control the fracture height, and prevent fractures from communicating strata with a high water-bearing layer. At the same time, with the same amount of proppant and fracturing fluid, longer fracture length and better fracture conductivity are created, so that the productivity of the optimized fracture has been greatly improved.

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Section: : ð2þmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing in Multilayered Thin Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir

Zhang¹,

Bai²,

Xu³

et al. 2023

Geofluids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Various designs of hydraulic fracturing operations are currently implemented in practice; an example is multicluster-multistage horizontal well fracturing (e.g. [5,6]).…”

Section: Hydraulic Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introductory Chapter: Developments in the Exploitation of Unconventional Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

Eshiet¹

2019

Exploitation of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources - Hydraulic Fracturing and Other Recovery and Assessment Techniques

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“…Hydraulic fracturing technology is crucial for improving coalbed methane productivity, and it is widely used in China 1–4 . Staged multicluster fracturing (SMCF) methods have gradually become crucial for low‐permeability coalbed methane development 5–7 . In SMCF, the hydraulic fracture morphology is complex, 8 and has a stress interference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staged multicluster hydraulic fracture propagation mechanism and its influencing factors in horizontal wells for CBM development

Chen

Song

Zhao

2022

Energy Science & Engineering

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Staged multicluster fracturing (SMCF) is crucial for the low-permeability coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs development. To reveal the fracture propagation mechanism and characteristics in SMCF and select appropriate hydraulic fracturing parameters, this study considers CBM exploitation in the Shizhuang block, Qinshui Basin in China as the engineering background. Then, XSite hydraulic fracturing software based on the discrete lattice theory and synthetic rock mass method is used to construct a three-dimensional model. The influence mechanisms of the cluster spacing (CS) and lateral pressure coefficient (LPC) on the fractures propagation characteristics were investigated. With an increase in the CS, the stress interference between fractures gradually weakens, and the fracture deflection also decreases. Both the stimulated reservoir area (SRA) and fracture aperture of a single cluster increase with an increase in CS, but the SRA and fracturing efficiency exhibit limited growth when the CS is greater than 15 m. The SRA decreases exponentially with an increase in LPC. When the LPC increases from 0.4 to 1.4, the SRA decreases by 74.2%. The LPC plays a decisive role in the fracture propagation direction. When the LPC reaches 1.4, the fractures propagate along the horizontal direction. With an increase in LPC, the fracturing fluid pressure increases linearly, and the fracturing efficiency decreases exponentially. The results of this study reveal the fracture propagation law of SMCF and can provide a reference for engineering applications. In the SMCF at the 3# coal seam of the Shizhuang block, the CS can be set to approximately 15 m, and the CS can be appropriately reduced when the LPC is large.

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Cluster spacing optimization of multi-stage fracturing in horizontal shale gas wells based on stimulated reservoir volume evaluation

Cited by 43 publications

References 44 publications

Numerical Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing in Multilayered Thin Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir

Numerical Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis of Hydraulic Fracturing in Multilayered Thin Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoir

Introductory Chapter: Developments in the Exploitation of Unconventional Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

Staged multicluster hydraulic fracture propagation mechanism and its influencing factors in horizontal wells for CBM development

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