Cluster randomised trial of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants in area of high, seasonal transmission in Ghana

Community Effectiveness of Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Infants (IPTi) in Rural Southern Tanzania

“…The resulting "IPTi Consortium" ( www.ipti-malaria.org ), has supported efficacy trials of IPTi in five countries, and together with other groups has generated information on safety, efficacy, potential interactions with the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) vaccines, resistance, acceptability, immunology, cost, and cost-effectiveness. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] A recent independent review of IPTi concluded that "the evidence makes IPTi with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine a promising public health strategy." 17 Efficacy is defined as the impact achieved by interventions when given in research settings.…”

Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants: a decision-support tool for sub-Saharan Africa

“…The model also took into account the action of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, as determined by Hastings and Watkins, 20 and the final model was validated 21 using the results of the six IPTi-SP trials. [4][5][6][7][8][9] The model was used to explore factors that influence the effectiveness of IPTi. Since applying the model required substantial computer processing time, only a limited number of scenarios was modelled for each estimated age pattern.…”

“…The effect of administering intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi) at the time of routine vaccination delivered through the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) has been evaluated in several randomized controlled trials. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] A pooled analysis of the results of the first six trials of sulphadoxinepyrimethamine [4][5][6][7][8][9] showed an overall protective efficacy of 30% (95% confidence interval, CI: 20-39) against clinical malaria, 38% (95% CI: 13-56) against hospital admission for infection with malaria parasites, 23% (95% CI: 10-34) against all-cause hospital admission and 21% (95% CI: 8-33) against anaemia in the first year of life. 11 One trial in an area of very high drug resistance to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine showed that such treatment had no effect, although the long-acting drug mefloquine had a protective efficacy of 38% against clinical malaria.…”

Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria and anaemia control in Tanzanian infants; the development and implementation of a public health strategy

“…An initial study in Ifakara, southern Tanzania, showed that IPTi with SP was safe and reduced the incidence of clinical malaria and severe anaemia by at least 50% in the first year of life. 4 In recent years clinical trials have been conducted In a range of other settings to explore the potential value of IPTi more broadly, [5][6][7][8][9][10] and a research consortium is generating additional data to inform policy-makers. 11 The new emphasis on the global research agenda to work on operational feasibility of interventions is a catalyst to undertaking effectiveness studies.…”