Cluster index for estimating thermal poultry stress (gallus gallus domesticus)

Pereira, Danilo Florentino; Lopes, Francisco Augusto Alves; Filho, Luís Roberto Almeida Gabriel; Salgado, Douglas D’Alessandro; Neto, Mário Mollo

doi:10.1016/j.compag.2020.105704

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Under high temperature conditions, birds clustered less [37] and moved less [12], corroborating the results of this study. Birds prefer to feed in the morning [57,58].…”

Section: Behavior Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Two indicators were used to describe the group behavior of birds: the cluster index, described by [37] and the unrest index, described by [40]. The cluster behavior is characterized by the reduction in distances between individuals and the pillaging of these birds.…”

Section: Measures Of Cluster and Unrest Indexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Digital cameras have been used to monitor the behavior of birds, in which the images analyzed use computer vision techniques [32,[35][36][37]. Computer vision is responsible for extracting relevant information based on images captured by digital cameras, whether through photographic or video images, sensors, and other devices [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Cluster and Unrest Behaviors of Laying Hens Housed under Different Thermal Conditions and Light Wave Length

Fernandes

Sartori

Morais

et al. 2021

Animals

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Laying hens are affected by the intensity, wavelength, and duration of light, and the behavioral patterns of these animals are important indicators of stress. The objective of the present study was to evaluate cluster and unrest behaviors of lying hens submitted to three environments with different treatments of monochromatic lighting (blue, green, and red). For 29 weeks, 60 laying hens from the Lohmann variety were divided into three groups and monitored by surveillance cameras installed on each shed ceiling and directed to the floor. Each group was housed in a small-scale shed and maintained under a monochromatic lighting treatment. The recordings were made at two times of the day, 15 min in the morning and 15 min in the afternoon, and the videos were processed, segmented, and analyzed computationally. From the analysis of the images, the cluster and unrest indexes were calculated. The results showed the influence of lighting on these behaviors, displaying that the birds were more agitated in the treatments with shorter wavelengths. Cluster behavior was higher in birds housed under red light. There was an interaction between the lighting treatments and the thermal environment, indicating that more studies should be carried out in this area to better understand these behavioral changes.

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“…Under high temperature conditions, birds clustered less [37] and moved less [12], corroborating the results of this study. Birds prefer to feed in the morning [57,58].…”

Section: Behavior Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Measures Of Cluster and Unrest Indexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis of Cluster and Unrest Behaviors of Laying Hens Housed under Different Thermal Conditions and Light Wave Length

Fernandes

Sartori

Morais

et al. 2021

Animals

Self Cite

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“…To our knowledge, this phenomenon has not been empirically studied in chickens and the reasons for the behavior remain unclear but may be driven by either attraction to heat or light or repulsion from shade or cold. Little is known about the thermal preferences of laying hens but producers identified daily temperature fluctuations as a potential cause of smothering ( 2 ) and clustering behavior changes dependent on temperature in white leghorn chickens ( 12 ). Although attraction to light (phototaxis) has not been experimentally shown in chickens, there is evidence of phototaxis in starling development ( 13 ) and in migrating nocturnal birds showing attraction to artificial light sources ( 14 ).…”

Section: Potential Causesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do Hens Pile? Hypothesizing the Causes and Consequences

Gray

Davies

Bright³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Piling is a behavior in laying hens whereby individuals aggregate in larger densities than would be normally expected. When piling behavior leads to mortalities it is known as smothering and its frequent but unpredictable occurrence is a major concern for many egg producers. There are generally considered to be three types of piling: panic, nest box and recurring piling. Whilst nest box and panic piling have apparent triggers, recurring piling does not, making it an enigmatic and ethologically intriguing behavior. The repetitive nature of recurring piling may result in a higher incidence of smothering and could have unconsidered, sub-lethal consequences. Here, we consider the possible causes of recurring piling from an ethological perspective and outline the potential welfare and production consequences. Drawing on a wide range of literature, we consider different timescales of causes from immediate triggers to ontogeny and domestication processes, and finally consider the evolution of collective behavior. By considering different timescales of influence, we built four hypotheses relevant to the causes of piling, which state that the behavior: (i) is caused by hens moving toward or away from an attractant/repellent; (ii) is socially influenced; (iii) is influenced by early life experiences and; (iv) can be described as a maladaptive collective behavior. We further propose that the following could be welfare consequences of piling behavior: Heat stress, physical injury (such as keel bone damage), and behavioral and physiological stress effects. Production consequences include direct and indirect mortality (smothering and knock-on effects of piling, respectively), potential negative impacts on egg quality and on worker welfare. In future studies the causes of piling and smothering should be considered according to the different timescales on which causes might occur. Here, both epidemiological and modeling approaches could support further study of piling behavior, where empirical studies can be challenging.

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“…It also affects poultry welfare issues such as mortality [ 7 ]. Pereira et al [ 8 ] proposed a temperature comfort clustering index, which can distinguish the differences in the aggregation of domestic under different temperature conditions. Li et al [ 9 ] found that heat stress can significantly affect the daily behavior of broilers, including eating, drinking, and lying down.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Correlation between Breeding Environment and Activity of Yellow Feather Broilers Based on the Multichromatic Aberration Model

Zhao

Zou

Yin

et al. 2021

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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Broiler behavior is closely related to the breeding environment. Therefore, studying broiler behavior helps breeding farm workers to better carry out welfare breeding. In the breeding environment of yellow feather broilers, temperature, humidity, and ammonia concentration are the main factors that affect the behavior of the broilers. This study used a multichromatic aberration model to process the color images of yellow feather broilers to extract the activity feature of the broilers at different periods, utilized the Cb component of YCbCr color model and the b component of Lab color model to remove background litter in images, and employed the Q component of YIQ color model to remove the feeders and the drinkers from the image. The segmented images were constructed into an accumulator to generate a heat map of yellow feather broilers’ activity. Then, the correlation between the activity and the temperature and humidity index (THI) and the correlation between the activity and ammonia concentration were explored. The experiment found that the activity of the broilers was significantly positively correlated with ammonia concentration ( P < 0.05 ), indicating that the activity of yellow feather broilers increased with ammonia concentration ascending. Besides, the THI in the broiler chamber had a significant positive correlation with the ammonia data ( P < 0.01 ), indicating that when the THI in the broiler chamber increases, the ammonia concentration rises. The research provides a direction for exploring the impact of THI and ammonia concentration on the performance of yellow feather broilers. At the same time, it provides a theoretical basis for the early warning and judgment of broiler breeding by farm workers in the future.

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Cluster index for estimating thermal poultry stress (gallus gallus domesticus)

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

Analysis of Cluster and Unrest Behaviors of Laying Hens Housed under Different Thermal Conditions and Light Wave Length

Analysis of Cluster and Unrest Behaviors of Laying Hens Housed under Different Thermal Conditions and Light Wave Length

Why Do Hens Pile? Hypothesizing the Causes and Consequences

Research on the Correlation between Breeding Environment and Activity of Yellow Feather Broilers Based on the Multichromatic Aberration Model

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