Clp is a “busy” transcription factor in the bacterial warrior, Lysobacter enzymogenes

Xu, Kangwen; Lin, Long; Shen, Danyu; Chou, Shan‐Ho; Qian, Guoliang

doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2021.06.020

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…According to previous studies on L. enzymogenes C3, B25 produces a higher quantity of HSAF under nutrient-poor conditions [18] . In a rich medium, cellular c-di-GMP levels increase and form a complex with Clp, blocking the activation of the HSAF biosynthesis operon [16] . Another study has also associated increasing intracellular c-di-GMP levels with PilR, a response regulator that controls T4P synthesis and twitching motility [63] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Lysobacter enzymogenes B25, a potential biological control agent of plant-parasitic nematodes, and its mode of action

Martínez-Servat¹,

Pinyol-Escala²,

Daura-Pich³

et al. 2023

AIMSMICRO

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<abstract> It is certainly difficult to estimate productivity losses due to the action of phytopathogenic nematodes but it might be about 12 % of world agricultural production. Although there are numerous tools to reduce the effect of these nematodes, there is growing concern about their environmental impact. <italic>Lysobacter enzymogenes</italic> B25 is an effective biological control agent against plant-parasitic nematodes, showing control over root-knot nematodes (RKN) such as <italic>Meloidogyne incognita</italic> and <italic>Meloidogyne javanica</italic>. In this paper, the efficacy of B25 to control RKN infestation in tomato plants (<italic>Solanum lycopersicum</italic> cv. <italic>Durinta</italic>) is described. The bacterium was applied 4 times at an average of concentration around 108 CFU/mL showing an efficacy of 50–95 % depending on the population and the pressure of the pathogen. Furthermore, the control activity of B25 was comparable to that of the reference chemical used. <italic>L. enzymogenes</italic> B25 is hereby characterized, and its mode of action studied, focusing on different mechanisms that include motility, the production of lytic enzymes and secondary metabolites and the induction of plant defenses. The presence of <italic>M. incognita</italic> increased the twitching motility of B25. In addition, cell-free supernatants obtained after growing B25, in both poor and rich media, showed efficacy in inhibiting RKN egg hatching <italic>in vitro</italic>. This nematicidal activity was sensitive to high temperatures, suggesting that it is mainly due to extracellular lytic enzymes. The secondary metabolites heat-stable antifungal factor and alteramide A/B were identified in the culture filtrate and their contribution to the nematicidal activity of B25 is discussed. This study points out <italic>L. enzymogenes</italic> B25 as a promising biocontrol microorganism against nematode infestation of plants and a good candidate to develop a sustainable nematicidal product. </abstract>

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clp gene product is a master regulator of T4P-dependent twitching and the production of lytic enzymes and antifungal metabolites in L. enzymogenes [16] , [24] . However, the treatment of plants with a clp - mutant strain still resulted in a slight biocontrol of summer patch disease caused by Magnaporthe poae [8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Lysobacter enzymogenes B25, a potential biological control agent of plant-parasitic nematodes, and its mode of action

Martínez-Servat¹,

Pinyol-Escala²,

Daura-Pich³

et al. 2023

AIMSMICRO

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“…As mentioned earlier, L. enzymogenes is a natural predator of fungi 37 . During predation, it approaches nearby fungi via T4P (type IV pilus)-driven twitching motility, allowing bacteria to form planktonic cells 40 , 50 . In this case, we speculate that WspA is demethylated by the methylesterase WspF to inhibit the autophosphorylation of WspE, thereby preventing the transfer of the phosphate group to WspR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Wsp chemosensory system modulates c-di-GMP-dependent biofilm formation by integrating DSF quorum sensing through the WspR-RpfG complex in Lysobacter

Wang

Xiong

et al. 2022

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

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The ubiquitous Wsp (wrinkly spreader phenotype) chemosensory system and DSF (diffusible signal factor) quorum sensing are two important chemically associated signaling systems that mediate bacterial communications between the host and environment. Although these two systems individually control biofilm formation in pathogenic bacteria via the ubiquitous second messenger c-di-GMP, their crosstalk mechanisms remain elusive. Here we present a scenario from the plant-beneficial and antifungal bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes OH11, where biofilm formation favors the colonization of this bacterium in fungal hyphae. We found that the Wsp system regulated biofilm formation via WspR-mediated c-di-GMP signaling, whereas DSF system did not depend on the enzymatic activity of RpfG to regulate biofilm formation. We further found that WspR, a diguanylate cyclase (DGC) responsible for c-di-GMP synthesis, could directly bind to one of the DSF signaling components, RpfG, an active phosphodiesterase (PDE) responsible for c-di-GMP degradation. Thus, the WspR-RpfG complex represents a previously undiscovered molecular linker connecting the Wsp and DSF systems. Mechanistically, RpfG could function as an adaptor protein to bind and inhibit the DGC activity of unphosphorylated WspR independent of its PDE activity. Phosphorylation of WspR impaired its binding affinity to RpfG and also blocked the ability of RpfG to act as an adaptor protein, which enabled the Wsp system to regulate biofilm formation in a c-di-GMP-dependent manner by dynamically integrating the DSF system. Our findings demonstrated a previously uncharacterized mechanism of crosstalk between Wsp and DSF systems in plant-beneficial and antifungal bacteria.

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“…Xu et al recently reviewed this transcription factor in L. enzymogenes . 47 Clp is a cyclic-AMP-receptor (CRP)-like protein, which contains a conserved cyclic nucleotide (cNMP)-binding domain at the N-terminus and a helix-turn-helix (HTH) DNA binding domain at C-terminus. 48 Despite its name, Clp has been shown to specifically interact with the second messenger c-di-GMP (3′,5′-cyclic diguanosine monophosphate), rather than cAMP.…”

Section: Natural Products From Lysobactermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis, regulation, and engineering of natural products from Lysobacter

et al. 2022

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Clp is a “busy” transcription factor in the bacterial warrior, Lysobacter enzymogenes

Cited by 15 publications

References 68 publications

Characterization of <i>Lysobacter enzymogenes</i> B25, a potential biological control agent of plant-parasitic nematodes, and its mode of action

Characterization of <i>Lysobacter enzymogenes</i> B25, a potential biological control agent of plant-parasitic nematodes, and its mode of action

The Wsp chemosensory system modulates c-di-GMP-dependent biofilm formation by integrating DSF quorum sensing through the WspR-RpfG complex in Lysobacter

Biosynthesis, regulation, and engineering of natural products from Lysobacter

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