Cloze procedure as a memory-search process.

McKenna, Michael C.

doi:10.1037/0022-0663.78.6.433

Journal of Educational Psychology

1986

DOI: 10.1037/0022-0663.78.6.433

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Cloze procedure as a memory-search process.

Michael C. McKenna¹

Abstract: In an effort to facilitate distribution of the APA "Call for Programs" for the annual convention, the "Call" for the 1987 convention will appear in the December issue of the APA Monitor instead of being a separate mailing to APA members.

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Cited by 2 publications

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N-gram probability effects in a cloze task

Shaoul

Baayen

Westbury

2014

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What knowledge influences our choice of words when we write or speak? Predicting which word a person will produce next is not easy, even when the linguistic context is known. One task that has been used to assess context dependent word choice is the fill-in-the-blank task, also called the cloze task. The cloze probability of specific context is an empirical measure found by asking many people to fill in the blank. In this paper we harness the power of large corpora to look at the influence of corpus-derived probabilistic information from a word's micro-context on word choice. We asked young adults to complete short phrases called n-grams with up to 20 responses per phrase. The probability of the responded word and the conditional probability of the response given the context were predictive of the frequency with which each response was produced. Furthermore the order in which the participants generated multiple completions of the same context was predicted by the conditional probability as well.These results suggest that word choice in cloze tasks taps into implicit knowledge of a person's past experience with that word in various contexts. Furthermore, the importance of n-gram conditional probabilities in our analysis is further evidence of implicit knowledge about multi-word sequences and support theories of language processing that involve anticipating or predicting based on context.

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N-gram probability effects in a cloze task

Shaoul

Baayen

Westbury

2014

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Readers' Comprehension of Mazes Embedded in Expository Texts

Gillingham

Garner

1992

The Journal of Educational Research

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Cloze is a research and instructional modification of text involving writers' systematic detection of words that readers are then asked to replace. Two studies reported here provided a multiple-choice extension of cloze (called maze) to high school-aged readers. Word, sentence, and paragraph replacement was elicited. It was hypothesized that successful replacement at word level would necessarily precede successful replacement at higher levels. Different patterns of maze accuracy emerged for readers of differing proficiency. The results indicate that maze is a valuable diagnostic tool; it is easy and quick to administer, and it suggests different teaching strategies at specific reading skill levels.

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Cloze procedure as a memory-search process.

Abstract: In an effort to facilitate distribution of the APA "Call for Programs" for the annual convention, the "Call" for the 1987 convention will appear in the December issue of the APA Monitor instead of being a separate mailing to APA members.

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

N-gram probability effects in a cloze task

N-gram probability effects in a cloze task

Readers' Comprehension of Mazes Embedded in Expository Texts

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