Cloze and Closure: A Factorial Study

Ohnmacht, Fred W.; Weaver, Wendell W.; Kohler, Emmett T.

doi:10.1080/00223980.1970.9923731

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It has also been postulated, however, that cloze is a measure of language redundancy (Burton & Licklider, 1955;MacGinitie, 1961;Tuinman, Blanton & Gray, 1975;Weaver & Kingston, 1963), language skills (Carroll, et al, 1959;Taylor, 1953), verbal aptitude (Carroll, 1941;Taylor, 1957) or classical closure factors (flexibility and speed of closure) (Ohnmacht, Weaver & Kohler, 1970).…”

Section: Validity Of Cloze As a Measure Of Reading Comprehensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intersentential Processes in Reading Comprehension

Kibby

1980

Journal of Reading Behavior

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Mature readers were given cloze tests on two paragraphs of varying difficulty presented in three formats: regular, the paragraph as the author wrote it (with cloze deletions); scrambled, the same paragraph and deletions, but the sentences were presented in scrambled order; and isolated, in which each sentence was read in isolation. No significant differences between the regular and scrambled formats were found. Isolated performance was significantly lower than regular, but by only 10 to 15%. Performance in the isolated format indicated acceptable comprehension. The results served as a basis for examining the importance and function of intersentential processes in comprehension. Conclusions about cloze as a measure of reading comprehension were also offered.

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Section: Validity Of Cloze As a Measure Of Reading Comprehensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cloze is a measure of a reader's ability to fill in words deleted from a written passage. Cloze has been widely accepted as a measure of reading comprehension (Bormuth, 1969b;Ohnmacht, Weaver & Kohler, 1970;Rankin & Culhane, 1969).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersentential Processes in Reading Comprehension

Kibby

1980

Journal of Reading Behavior

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“…Following Katz (1984), this test was included in the study as it claimed to predict production and evaluation (Hettema, 1968;Ohnmacht et al, 1970) skills that suggest cognitive flexibility: a variable that presumably underlies creative performance. The Verbal Closure employed in the study is the Hidden Words test.…”

Section: Remote Association Test (Ra)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Creative Cognitive Processes and Hemispheric Specialization

Poreh

Whitman

1991

Journal of Creative Behavior

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“…Using a principal components analysis, they identified three factors, one of which, a "redundancy utilization" factor, they felt underlies cloze tests. In a similar study, Ohnmacht, Weaver and Kohler (1970) examined the relationships among four different deletion procedures and tests of visual closure, associational fluency, and verbal comprehension. From their principal components analysis they identified closure factors of speed and flexibility, in addition to a well-defined verbal factor.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Trait Structure of Cloze Test Scores

Bachman¹

1982

TESOL Quarterly

108

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In the present study, the trait structure of a cloze test was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. A cloze passage with rationally selected deletions of syntactic and cohesive items was constructed and given to two groups of non-native English speaking students entering the University of Illinois. A trait structure with three specific traits and one general trait provided the best explanation of the data. The results suggest that a modified cloze passage, using rational deletions, is capable of measuring both syntactic and discourse level relationships in a text, and that this advantage may outweigh considerations of reduced redundancy which underlie random deletion procedures.There is now a considerable body of research providing sound evidence for the predictive validity of cloze test scores. Cloze tests have been found to be highly correlated with virtually every other type of language test, and with tests of nearly every language skill and component.

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Cloze and Closure: A Factorial Study

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Intersentential Processes in Reading Comprehension

Intersentential Processes in Reading Comprehension

Creative Cognitive Processes and Hemispheric Specialization

The Trait Structure of Cloze Test Scores

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