Clozapine increases cutaneous blood flow and reduces sympathetic cutaneous vasomotor alerting responses (SCVARs) in rats: comparison with effects of haloperidol

Blessing, W.W.

doi:10.1007/s00213-005-0012-9

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Relevant to our review, Blessing and colleague demonstrated that stress-induced sympathetic cutaneous vasomotor responses are significantly reduced by systemically administered 8-OH-DPAT (Blessing, 2005). Activation of 5-HT1A receptors also prevented or reversed cold-induced cutaneous vasoconstriction Blessing, 2003, 2006) suggesting a common neural pathway for thermoregulatory and stress-related cutaneous vascular effects.…”

Section: Activation Of 5-ht1a Receptors Inhibits Stress-induced Cutanmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Both vascular beds possess an extensive network of arterio-venous anasthomoses that can be constricted by sympathetic neural activity. Studies conducted during the last decade in Blessing's laboratory provide evidence that various stressors cause very robust sympathetically mediated cutaneous vasoconstrictor responses Blessing, 1997, 2001;Garcia et al, 2001;Nalivaiko and Blessing, 2003;Blessing, 2005;Ootsuka and Blessing, 2005b;Ootsuka et al, 2008). These reactions are essentially similar to human stress-induced vascular responses (''becoming pale with fright'').…”

Section: Activation Of 5-ht1a Receptors Inhibits Stress-induced Cutanmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…3A and B) (Ootsuka et al, 2008) and attenuated stress-induced falls in the ear pinna blood flow in conscious rabbits (Fig. 3C) (Blessing, 2005). The drug also dilated rat tail and rabbit ear vascular beds at rest (compare pre-and post-drug blood flow levels in Fig.…”

Section: Stress-induced Thermogenesis In the Ibat Is Mediated Via 5-hmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Central 5-HT receptors in cardiovascular control during stress

Nalivaiko

Sgoifo

2009

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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Section: Activation Of 5-ht1a Receptors Inhibits Stress-induced Cutanmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Activation Of 5-ht1a Receptors Inhibits Stress-induced Cutanmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Central 5-HT receptors in cardiovascular control during stress

Nalivaiko

Sgoifo

2009

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…In both rabbits and rats, these sudden falls in cutaneous blood flow are preceded by a sudden increase in the proportion of theta (5-8 Hz) rhythm in the hippocampal EEG, documenting that the animal has detected the salient environmental event (Yu and Blessing, 1997a;de Menezes et al, 2009). We refer to the sudden reductions in cutaneous blood flow as SCVARs (sympathetic cutaneous vasomotor alerting responses) (Blessing, 2005;de Menezes et al, 2009). The associated increases in arterial blood pressure are quite modest, and the changes in heart rate vary with the nature of the stimulus (Galeno et al, 1984;Yu and Blessing, 1997a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Inactivation of neuronal function in the amygdaloid region reduces tail artery blood flow alerting responses in conscious rats

Mohammed¹,

Kulasekara²,

Menezes³

et al. 2013

Neuroscience

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Few studies have investigated whether neuronal function in the amygdaloid complex is necessary for the occurrence of the cardiovascular response to natural (unconditioned) environmental threats. In the present investigation in conscious unrestrained Sprague-Dawley rats we inactivated neuronal function in the amygdaloid complex acutely (bilateral muscimol injections) or chronically (unilateral or bilateral ibotenic acid injections) and measured the effect on sudden falls in tail artery blood flow elicited by non-noxious salient stimuli (sympathetic cutaneous vasomotor alerting responses, SCVARs). After acute bilateral injection of vehicle (200nl Ringer's solution) the SCVAR index was 81 ± 2%, indicating that tail blood flow was reduced by 81% in response to the salient stimuli. After acute bilateral injection of muscimol (1 nmol in 200 nl of Ringer's solution) into the amygdaloid complex the SCVAR index was 49 ± 5%, indicating that tail blood flow was reduced by 49% in response to the salient stimuli (p<0.01 versus vehicle, n=7 rats for vehicle and 6 for muscimol). One week after unilateral ibotenic acid lesions, the SCVAR index was 68 ± 3%, significantly less than 90 ± 1%, the corresponding value after unilateral injection of vehicle (p<0.01, n=6 rats in each group). After bilateral ibotenic acid lesions the SCVAR index was 52 ± 4%, significantly less than 93 ± 1%, the corresponding value after bilateral injection of vehicle (p<0.001, n=6 rats in each group). Ibotenic acid caused extensive neuronal destruction of the whole amygdaloid complex, as well as lateral temporal lobe structures including the piriform cortex. Our results demonstrate that the amygdaloid complex plays an important role in mediating the tail artery vasoconstriction that occurs in rats in response to the animal's perception of a salient stimulus, redirecting blood to areas of the body with more immediate metabolic requirements.

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“…Our previous studies indicate that serotonin (5-HT) 2A receptors may be involved in controlling these two outputs as 5-HT2A receptor agonists cause iBAT thermogenesis and cutaneous vasoconstriction, in both conscious and anaesthetized animals (Blessing and Seaman 2003;Ootsuka et al 2004;Ootsuka and Blessing 2006). Blockade of 5-HT2A receptors decreases cutaneous vasoconstriction elicited by sudden, short-lasting arousal stimuli (Blessing and Seaman 2003;Blessing 2005), but there have been no attempts to test the effects of 5-HT2A receptor blockade on stress-induced iBAT thermogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Selective blockade of 5-HT2A receptors attenuates the increased temperature response in brown adipose tissue to restraint stress in rats

Ootsuka

Blessing

Nalivaiko

2008

Stress

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Previous studies have demonstrated that 5-HT2A receptors may be involved in the central control of thermoregulation and of the cardiovascular system. Our aim was to test whether these receptors mediate thermogenic and tachycardiac responses induced by acute psychological stress. Three groups of adult male Hooded Wistar rats were instrumented with: (i) a thermistor in the interscapular area (for recording brown adipose tissue temperature) and an ultrasound Doppler probe (to record tail blood flow); (ii) temperature dataloggers to record core body temperature; (iii) ECG electrodes. On the day of the experiment, rats were subjected to a 30-min restraint stress preceded by s.c. injection of either vehicle or SR-46349B (a serotonin 2A receptor antagonist) at doses of 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mg/kg. The restraint stress caused a rise in brown adipose tissue temperature (from, mean +/- s.e.m., 36.6 +/- 0.2 to 38.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C), transient cutaneous vasoconstriction (tail blood flow decreased from 12 +/- 2 to 5 +/- 1 cm/s), increase in heart rate (from 303 +/- 15 to 453 +/- 15 bpm at the peak, then reduced to 393 +/- 12 bpm at the steady state), and defaecation (6 +/- 1 pellets per restraint session). The core body temperature was not affected by the restraint. Blockade of 5-HT2A receptors attenuated the increase in brown adipose tissue temperature and transient cutaneous vasoconstriction, but not tachycardia and defaecation elicited by restraint stress. These results indicate that psychological stress causes activation of 5-HT2A receptors in neural pathways that control thermogenesis in the brown adipose tissue and facilitate cutaneous vasoconstriction.

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Clozapine increases cutaneous blood flow and reduces sympathetic cutaneous vasomotor alerting responses (SCVARs) in rats: comparison with effects of haloperidol

Abstract: Clozapine, but not haloperidol, increases resting cutaneous blood flow and decreases SCVARs. Antagonism at 5-HT2A receptors and agonism at 5-HT1A receptors could contribute to these actions.

Cited by 22 publications

References 58 publications

Central 5-HT receptors in cardiovascular control during stress

Central 5-HT receptors in cardiovascular control during stress

Inactivation of neuronal function in the amygdaloid region reduces tail artery blood flow alerting responses in conscious rats

Selective blockade of 5-HT2A receptors attenuates the increased temperature response in brown adipose tissue to restraint stress in rats

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