Clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi) predation on proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) in Sabah, Malaysia

Matsuda, Ikki; Tuuga, Augustine; Higashi, Seigo

doi:10.1007/s10329-008-0085-2

Cited by 65 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This is compounded by the fact that many big cats, a principal threat to primates, hunt at night. However, there are several reports of predation or indirect evidence of predation, especially in the more recent literature (Bianchi and Mendes 2007;Foerster 2008;Matsuda et al 2008;Morino 2010). One of these involves a siamang gibbon (Symphalangus syndactylus) in Indonesia being predated on by the semiarboreal clouded leopard, one of the gibbons' most formidable potential predators (Morino 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These were chosen as they were either the most abundant, and/or most formidable of the ten potential predators at Khao Yai (Rabinowitz et al 1987;Sunquist and Sunquist 2002;Matsuda et al 2008). Gibbon groups were located in the morning by means of their song or, if known, by going to their sleeping site.…”

Section: Data Collection Data Were Collected From April 2004 To Augusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the fact that they have been studied in the wild for decades (Carpenter 1940), surprisingly little is known about the role of predation on gibbon evolution. Similar-sized and even larger monkeys are well within the prey spectrum of most big cats, eagles and snakes Gursky 2006;Matsuda et al 2008). However, gibbons may be better protected from predation than other groups of primates with comparable body and group sizes due to their highly specialised rapid locomotion and preference for the high canopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, Diana monkeys (Cercopithecus diana)responded cryptically to the arrival of predatory chimpanzees or generated conspicuous vocal and locomotor behaviour in response to hiding leopards (Zuberbühler 2000). The proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) also interacts with clouded leopards (Neofelis diardi) and shows some longer term behavioural modifications, such as choosing resting sites bordered by rivers, presumably designed to avoid these and other ground predator encounters (Matsuda et al 2008). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The anti-predator behaviour of wild white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar)

Clarke

Reichard²,

Zuberbühler

2011

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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Predation on gibbons is rarely observed in the wild. However, the gibbons' moderate body size and relatively small social groups suggest high vulnerability to predation. To assess the role of predation and to study their anti-predator behaviour, we presented visual predator models to nine groups of wild white-handed gibbons at Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. We measured subjects' immediate and delayed responses to four potential predators: tiger, clouded leopard, crested serpent eagle and reticulated python. Subjects reliably approached all four predators. In response to tigers and leopards, they additionally produced predator-specific songs and defecated copiously. In terms of delayed responses, distance between mated adults decreased, but only after exposure to the tiger model. In response to eagles and pythons, gibbons consistently vocalised, but this did not always include predator singing, and we found no long-term effects in overall activity or strata use. However, during 6 of 26 predator encounters, the gibbons produced songs with a structure that was intermediate between a duet song and a predator song more than 20 min after the predator encounter, indicating a long-term effect on their vocal behaviour. This study demonstrates that gibbons discriminate between different potential predators and respond to them with adaptive anti-predator behaviour, which include predator-specific vocal responses. We conclude that gibbons are not immune to predation and that terrestrial predators elicit consistent immediate and delayed anti-predation responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Collection Data Were Collected From April 2004 To Augusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The anti-predator behaviour of wild white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar)

Clarke

Reichard²,

Zuberbühler

2011

Behav Ecol Sociobiol

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“…Clouded leopards are mediumsized (10-20 kg) semi-arboreal carnivores living in primary forests across SouthEast Asia [Grassman et al, 2005;Kitchener et al, 2006]. They have been reported to kill several primate species, such as adolescent orang-utans (Pongo pygmaeus) [Rijksen, 1978], proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) [Matsuda et al, 2008] and grey langurs (Presbytis hosei) [Rabinowitz et al, 1987].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clouded Leopard Predation on a Wild Juvenile Siamang

Morino¹

2011

IJFP

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I report the first documented case of a wild siamang killed by a clouded leopard. The event, involving a juvenile male (weighing 3.7 kg), occurred at dawn, near a known sleeping tree in a lowland tropical forest in southern Sumatra (Indonesia). Examination of the siamang’s body revealed that the first 2 cervical vertebrae were crushed and the face was partially eaten. This attack highlights the potential importance of predation as an evolutionary pressure for hylobatids, and poses some questions about the antipredator adaptations of this population of siamang.

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Selection of river crossing location and sleeping site by proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) in Sabah, Malaysia

Matsuda

Tuuga

Akiyama

et al. 2008

American J Primatol

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From May 2005-2006, selections of river crossing locations and sleeping sites used by a one-male group (BE-Group) of proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) were investigated along the Menanggul River, tributary of the Kinabatangan River, Sabah, Malaysia. The frequency of river crossings for focal monkeys in the BE-Group was significantly higher at locations with narrow branch-to-bank distances. Branch-to-bank distances were defined as the distances between the longest tree branches extending over the river and the bank of river on each side. This was measured in areas crossed by the monkeys. The focal monkeys used locations with a higher probability of successful river crossings that did not require jumping into the water and swimming across than those that did. The frequency of sleeping site usage by the BE-Group was positively correlated with the frequency of using river crossing locations by the focal monkeys. Previous reports on predation of proboscis monkeys indicate that clouded leopards (Neofelis diardi) and crocodilians (Tomistoma schlegeli and Crocodylus porosus) may be the major terrestrial and aquatic predators of these monkeys. The selection of river crossing locations by proboscis monkeys may be influenced both by the threat of these predators and the location of suitable and protected sleeping sites. Finally, sleeping sites locations that offer arboreal escape routes may protect proboscis monkeys from leopard attack.

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Clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi) predation on proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) in Sabah, Malaysia

Cited by 65 publications

References 7 publications

The anti-predator behaviour of wild white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar)

The anti-predator behaviour of wild white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar)

Clouded Leopard Predation on a Wild Juvenile Siamang

Selection of river crossing location and sleeping site by proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) in Sabah, Malaysia

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