Cloud point of aqueous solutions containing oxyethylated methyl dodecanoates: effects of surfactant hydrophilicity, nature of added electrolyte, and water activity

Lower consolute boundaries of the nonionic surfactant C8E5 in aqueous alkali halide solutions: An approach to reproduce the effects of alkali halides on the cloud-point temperature

“…As regards the comprehension of salting-out and -in effects in aqueous solution, and the Hofmeister series, a great deal has already been achieved [36][37][38][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52]. It is, for example, known that electrolyte-deficient and -rich regions around the macroentities are closely related to the effects.…”

“…Recently, dispersion forces have been allocated an important role in controlling the distribution of ions at the a/w interface, as well as at the interface between the solute and the surrounding aqueous solution [44][45][46]. Surface concepts have been applied in various ways to understand salting-out/-in effects [47][48][49][50][51][52]. Aveyard and Heselden [47] calculated the free energy of transfer, i.e., the salting coefficient [k(c)], of the solutes benzene and butane as the product of the difference in surface tension between the electrolyte solution and water ( γ ) and the surface area of the molecular cavity.…”

Liquid–liquid extraction of biomolecules: an overview and update of the main techniques

“…Cloud point can be increased by addition of long-chain nonpolar compounds, anions that are water structure breakers (large, polarizable anions, soft bases, SCN − , I − ), and certain cations (polyvalent cations, H + , Li + ) owing to their salting-in effect in water. 65,96,97 The presence of salts in two-phase aqueous systems can influence protein partition. The addition of salts, even at milimolar concentrations, can influence the electrically loaded molecule partition.…”

Receptor properties of calix[4]resorcinarenes toward tetramethylammonium and choline cations in micellar solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate

“…The introduction into the micellar pseudophase of a iono phore that can selectively bind stable ions with a high constant results in the solubilization of the latter due to binding with a receptor at the interface of the aqueous and micellar pseudophases and in a change in their composi tion. It is known that the cloud point (T cloud ) is sensitive to the nature and concentration of both ions in water [8][9][10][11] and substances solubilized in the micellar pseudophase. 12 Therefore, it can be expected that the phenomenon of temperature induced turbudity of a micellar solution can be applied to extraction concentrating of substrates in a separated pseudophase and also as a basis for qualitative recognition or even quantitative determination of this or another ion in solution when using ionophores solubi lized in micelles.…”