Cloud Point Extraction Spectrophotometric Method for Mutual Determination of Norfloxacin and Iron(III) in Human Serum and Drug Formulations

Abstract

An eco-friendly procedure was developed for dual detection of drug norfloxacin (NOR) and iron(III) ions in biological and pharmaceutical samples via the coupling of cloud-point extraction procedure with molecular spectrophotometry. The drug norfloxacin reacts with Fe(III) ions in dilute acidic medium to form a colored hydrophobic (Fe(III)-NOR) complex which initially extracted into micelles of Triton x-114 as a mediated extractant followed the determination of both NOR and Fe(III) ions individually, by using spectrophotometry at same wavelength maximum of 432 nm. To achieve this goal, all experimental variables for both target analytes were previously optimized. The results have shown that the preconcentration factors of 83 and 71 for NOR and Fe(II) leading to achieve a limit of detection of 0.692 μg mL -1 3.42 ng mL -1 with linear range of 2.5-125 μgmL -1 (r= 0.9998) and 5-150 ng mL -1 (r=0.9997) respectively. The mean recovery percentage of 98.95±1.09% and 98.77±2.29%; the precision (RSD%) ranged between 0.04-0.66% and 0.59-0.97% were obtained for NOR and Fe(III) respectively. The proposed method was used for the determination of NOR in the serum samples of different subjects orally administration for two hours with Norfloxacin tablets BP 400 mg, in addition to drug formulations like Norflox Eye/Ear drops, While iron was determined in four selected drug formulations and in both cases, the experimental values are agreed with the quoted values that stated by the manufacturer company,

Visible Spectrophotometric Determination of Metochlopramide Hydrochloride at Trace Levels in Various Samples after Cloud Point Extraction Using Derivatization Reaction

“…Although these techniques are sophisticated and have a high detection power but they are relatively expensive and not always available in all laboratories. Recently, the combination of UV-Vis spectrophotometry with cloud point extraction (CPE) has proved to offer a promising alternative method of improving conventional analytical procedure toward easy, simple, eco-friendly and inexpensive routine analyses of the pharmaceuticals in different matrices instead of using expensive instrumentations [20][21][22][23] .…”