Cloud point extraction spectrophotometric determination of trace quantities of bismuth in urine

Abstract

Investigamos o processo de extração no ponto-nuvem para bismuto, a partir de soluções aquosas, usando o surfactante não-iônico Triton X-114. O método consiste na reação de complexação do Bi(III) com vermelho de bromopirogalol e extração mediada pelo sistema micelar. As condições ótimas de extração e reação (pH, concentração de reagentes, efeito do tempo de incubação etc.) foram estudadas, e as características analíticas do método (por exemplo, limite de detecção, intervalo de linearidade) foram estabelecidas. Uma resposta linear para o íon Bi(III) foi obtida no intervalo de 4,60-120,0 ng mL -1 . O limite de detecção obtido foi de 2,0 ng mL -1 . O efeito da interferência de alguns ânions e cátions foi também testado. O método foi aplicado para a determinação de bismuto em amostras de urina humana.A cloud point extraction process using the nonionic surfactant Triton X-114 to extract bismuth from aqueous solutions was investigated. The method is based on the complexation reaction of Bi(III) with bromopyrogallol red (BPR) and micelle-mediated extraction of the complex. The optimal extraction and reaction conditions (e.g., pH, reagent concentration, effect of time) were studied, and the analytical characteristics of the method (e.g., limit of detection, linear range) were obtained. Linearity was obeyed in the range of 4.60-120.0 ng mL -1 of Bi(III) ion. The detection limit of the method was 2.0 ng mL -1 of Bi(III) ion. The interference effect of some anions and cations was also tested. The method was applied to the determination of bismuth in human urine sample.

Development of efficient method for preconcentration and determination of copper, nickel, zinc and iron ions in environmental samples by combination of cloud point extraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometry

“…Trace elements can be extracted to the surfactant-rich phase usually after formation of a hydrophobic complex with an appropriate chelating agent [5]. This approach has been successfully employed to extract and pre-concentrate several trace elements from a variety of matrices [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The technique is based on the property of most surfactants in aqueous solutions to form micelles and to separate into a surfactant-rich phase of a small volume and a diluted aqueous phase when heated to a temperature known as the cloud point temperature.…”

Quantitative Analysis of Bismuth (III) Ion by Coupling Turbidy Method with Cloud Point Extraction Mode

“…Bismuth and its compound are also used in semiconductors cosmetic preparations, alloys and metallurgical additives and in the preparation and recycling of uranium nuclear fuels [3]. The development of analytical techniques for the determination of bismuth at low levels by analytical techniques such as spectrophotometry [4][5][6][7], graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry [8,9], voltammetry [10,11] and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [12] have been used for its measurement.…”

Selective cloud point extraction and preconcentration of trace amounts of cadmium prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination

“…Since the first application of this technique for metal extraction, 12 numerous paper has reported the use of CPE as preconcentration procedure for metal determination by several spectrometric techniques. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The principle, advantages and limitation of this technique, have been summarized in several reviews. 10,11 Several ligands such as 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphtol (TAN), [21][22][23] O,O-dietyldithiophosphate (DDTP) 23,24 and dithizone 25 have been used in CPE and FAAS determination of cadmium.…”