Cloud condensation nuclei closure study on summer arctic aerosol

Martin, M.; Chang, Rachel Y.-­W.; Sierau, B.; Sjögren, S.; Swietlicki, Erik; Abbatt, Jonathan P. D.; Leck, Caroline; Lohmann, Ulrike

doi:10.5194/acp-11-11335-2011

Cited by 95 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…For example, Lathem et al (2013), who measured the CCN activity in the Arctic using aircraft measurements, reported a κ value of 0.32 ± 0.21. Martin et al (2011) inferred a total κ value of 0.33 ± 0.13 during a cruise observation in Longyear- byen, Svalbard. Kammermann et al (2010) reported κ values that varied between 0.07 and 0.21 over an 18-day period within the Arctic Circle in Sweden.…”

Section: Cloud Condensation Nuclei (Ccn) Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations in physical characteristics of aerosol particles at the King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Seasonal variability in the physical characteristics of aerosol particles sampled from the King Sejong Station in the Antarctic Peninsula was investigated over the period between March 2009 and February 2015. Clear seasonal cycles for the total particle concentration (CN) were observed. The mean monthly concentration of particles larger than 2.5 nm (CN 2.5 ) was highest during the austral summer, with an average value of 1080.39 ± 595.05 cm −3 , and lowest during the austral winter, with a mean value of 197.26 ± 71.71 cm −3 . The seasonal patterns in the concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and CN coincide, with both concentrations being at a minimum in winter and maximum in summer. The measured CCN spectra were approximated by fitting a power-law function relating the number of CCN for a given supersaturation (SS) to each SS value, with fitting coefficients C and k T . The values for C varied from 6.35 to 837.24 cm −3 , with a mean of 171.48 ± 62.00 cm −3 . The values for k T ranged from 0.07 to 2.19, with a mean of 0.41 ± 0.10. In particular, the k T values during the austral summer were higher than those during the winter, indicating that aerosol particles are more sensitive to SS changes during summer. Furthermore, the annual mean hygroscopicity parameter, κ, was estimated as 0.15 ± 0.05, for a SS of 0.4 %. The effects of the origin and pathway travelled by the air mass on the physical characteristics of the aerosol particles were also determined. The modal diameter of aerosol particles originating in the South Pacific Ocean showed a seasonal variation varying from 0.023 µm in winter to 0.034 µm in summer for the Aitken mode, and from 0.086 µm in winter to 0.109 µm in summer for the accumulation mode.

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Section: Cloud Condensation Nuclei (Ccn) Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations in physical characteristics of aerosol particles at the King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula

et al. 2017

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“…The quality of all ship-board aerosol sampling was monitored using various tracers and thresholds to identify potential contamination from local ship and snowmobile pollution. Further details on the quality and data processing of ship-based aerosol and CCN measurements are available in Heintzenberg and Leck (2012) and Martin et al (2011), respectively. Vertical profiles of aerosol concentrations were made using a helicopter (Kupiszewski et al, 2013).…”

Section: Aerosol Number Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloud and boundary layer interactions over the Arctic sea ice in late summer

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Observations from the Arctic Summer CloudOcean Study (ASCOS), in the central Arctic sea-ice pack in late summer 2008, provide a detailed view of cloudatmosphere-surface interactions and vertical mixing processes over the sea-ice environment. Measurements from a suite of ground-based remote sensors, near-surface meteorological and aerosol instruments, and profiles from radiosondes and a helicopter are combined to characterize a weeklong period dominated by low-level, mixed-phase, stratocumulus clouds. Detailed case studies and statistical analyses are used to develop a conceptual model for the cloud and atmosphere structure and their interactions in this environment.Clouds were persistent during the period of study, having qualities that suggest they were sustained through a combination of advective influences and in-cloud processes, with little contribution from the surface. Radiative cooling near cloud top produced buoyancy-driven, turbulent eddies that contributed to cloud formation and created a cloud-driven mixed layer. The depth of this mixed layer was related to the amount of turbulence and condensed cloud water. Coupling of this cloud-driven mixed layer to the surface boundary layer was primarily determined by proximity. For 75 % of the period of study, the primary stratocumulus cloud-driven mixed layer was decoupled from the surface and typically at a warmer potential temperature. Since the near-surface temperature was constrained by the ocean-ice mixture, warm temperatures aloft suggest that these air masses had not significantly interacted with the sea-ice surface. Instead, backtrajectory analyses suggest that these warm air masses advected into the central Arctic Basin from lower latitudes. Moisture and aerosol particles likely accompanied these air masses, providing necessary support for cloud formation. On the occasions when cloud-surface coupling did occur, back trajectories indicated that these air masses advected at low levels, while mixing processes kept the mixed layer in equilibrium with the near-surface environment. Rather than contributing buoyancy forcing for the mixed-layer dynamics, the surface instead simply appeared to respond to the mixedlayer processes aloft. Clouds in these cases often contained slightly higher condensed water amounts, potentially due to additional moisture sources from below.

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“…[25] Most studies that strive for CCN closure utilize bulk chemical analysis to drive predictive calculations based on the known hygroscopicity of various substances [e.g., Broekhuizen et al, 2006;Martin et al, 2011]. Often, the incorporation of external mixing assumptions are required to gain closure due to the importance of the number concentration-weighted mixing state of particles rather than widely used bulk aerosol mass concentration measurement techniques [Wex et al, 2010b].…”

Section: Ccn Activity and Mixing Statementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of marine biogeochemistry on the chemical mixing state and cloud forming ability of nascent sea spray aerosol

et al. 2013

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[1] The composition and properties of sea spray aerosol, a major component of the atmosphere, are often controlled by marine biological activity; however, the scope of impacts that ocean chemistry has on the ability for sea spray aerosol to act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) is not well understood. In this study, we utilize a mesocosm experiment to investigate the impact of marine biogeochemical processes on the composition and mixing state of sea spray aerosol particles with diameters < 0.2 μm produced by controlled breaking waves in a unique ocean-atmosphere facility. An increase in relative abundance of a distinct, insoluble organic particle type was observed after concentrations of heterotrophic bacteria increased in the seawater, leading to an 86 ± 5% reduction in the hygroscopicity parameter (κ) at 0.2% supersaturation. Aerosol size distributions showed very little change and the submicron organic mass fraction increased by less than 15% throughout the experiment; as such, neither of these typical metrics can explain the observed reduction in hygroscopicity. Predictions of the hygroscopicity parameter that make the common assumption that all particles have the same bulk organic volume fractions lead to overpredictions of CCN concentrations by 25% in these experiments. Importantly, key changes in sea spray aerosol mixing state that ultimately influenced CCN activity were driven by bacteria-mediated alterations to the organic composition of seawater.

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Cloud condensation nuclei closure study on summer arctic aerosol

Cited by 95 publications

References 57 publications

Seasonal variations in physical characteristics of aerosol particles at the King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula

Seasonal variations in physical characteristics of aerosol particles at the King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula

Cloud and boundary layer interactions over the Arctic sea ice in late summer

Impact of marine biogeochemistry on the chemical mixing state and cloud forming ability of nascent sea spray aerosol

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