Cloud — Aerosol interaction during lightning activity over land and ocean: Precipitation pattern assessment

Pal, Joydeb; Chaudhuri, Sutapa; Chowdhury, Ananda S.; Bandyopadhyay, Tanuka

doi:10.1007/s13143-015-0087-0

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Since their measurements were taken before the onset of convection, it seems reasonable to assume that aerosols emitted earlier in the day or at night remained within the atmosphere to influence convection later that morning or afternoon. The results were also consistent with those of Pal et al (2016), who found that lightning activities were significantly and positively correlated with aerosols over both land and ocean in case of low aerosol loading, while for high aerosol loading the correlation was significant only over land.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Using Factor Separation to Elucidate the Respective Contributions of Desert Dust and Urban Pollution to the 4 January 2020 Tel Aviv Lightning and Flash Flood Disaster

et al. 2020

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A numerical investigation was conducted to assess the possible impact of desert dust and urban aerosols on a very intense and deadly thunderstorm that occurred within the Tel Aviv metropolitan area on 4 January 2020. For these purposes, the cloud drop nucleation scheme within the spectral (bin) microphysics scheme (SBM) in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) was coupled with the GoCart (desert) dust model and with hourly surface observations of urban aerosols. Using SBM integrated mass contents and simulated vertical velocities, the dynamic lightning scheme was able to forecast lightning rates within thunderclouds developing in an environment of marine or marine/continental aerosols with dust and/or urban aerosol forcings. Of these aerosol forcings (or factors), the urban aerosols (pollution) intensified lightning rates in convective clouds forming at and just off the Israeli coastline (referred to as the Urban Aerosol Lightning Enhancement Effect; ULE). The inclusion of continental aerosols with dust and urban aerosol sources resulted in the simulation exhibiting the most intense lightning and precipitation storm (referred to as Large Aerosol Small Aerosol Invigoration Effect; LASI). Yet, a comparison of model results and observations suggests that it was the combination of desert dust and urban aerosols alone that focused storm development over western Tel Aviv. The result was that high lightning rates initially focused over western Tel Aviv were accompanied by and then succeeded by a period of heavy rain that led to deadly flooding. Plain Language Summary The possible role of urban pollution on lightning and rainfall was investigated using a sophisticated cloud model embedded in a weather forecast model. The cloud model takes into account the impact of different sources of dust, including desert dust on cloud formation, and intensification into thunderstorm producing clouds. The day chosen for study was a day with lots of lightning and even deadly flooding in the city of Tel Aviv, Israel. The results showed that urban pollution intensifies lightning rates and precipitation amounts over the city. When large raindrops produced on large dust particles interacted with small drops produced from urban pollution, intense lightning and rainfall was forecast to occur in the area of deadly flooding. Hence, to forecast the intensity and location of severe storms, forecasts should take into account different sources of dust and pollution.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Using Factor Separation to Elucidate the Respective Contributions of Desert Dust and Urban Pollution to the 4 January 2020 Tel Aviv Lightning and Flash Flood Disaster

et al. 2020

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“…The increased aerosol loading during pre-monsoon was found to be a combined effect of agricultural waste burning activity, forest fire, anthropogenic emission, and long-range transport, as well containing dessert soil/dust, organic matter, gaseous product (sulfate and nitrate), and soot particles [61]. A previous study has reported a similar pattern of increased lightning flash density over the land area of the Indian subcontinent during pre-monsoon months, with a peak in June, and the study also reported an increase in aerosol in July through external inflow and a sudden decrease in the subsequent months, possibly due to the monsoon precipitation [62]. The monthly climatology of LFRD with AOD is represented in Figure 11 and shows that the aerosol concentration tends to increase from March and reaches its maximum in July.…”

Section: Lightning and Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Relationship between Lightning and Aerosol Optical Depth over the Uttarakhand Region in India: Thermodynamic Perspective

et al. 2022

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The current study is mainly focused on the monthly variation in the lightning flash rate (LFR) and related thermodynamic parameters using the data for the years 2000–2013, and the trend of lightning variation is explored. Lightning data are used from a lightning imaging sensor (LIS) and an optical transient detector (OTP) boarded on the tropical rainfall measuring mission (TRMM). Additionally, aerosol optical depth (AOD) data at 550 nm for the same period were considered from a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The assessment of lightning and AOD using monthly data makes it difficult to study seasonal contributions, and higher-resolution (hourly) data may be more appropriate, but unfortunately, no data were available with a higher resolution than monthly. The dependency of LFR is also investigated using thermodynamic/dynamic parameters. The LFR shows a moderate correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.56, 0.62, and 0.63for AOD, CAPE, and vertical velocity, respectively. The increasing AOD in the pre-monsoon season is associated with higher lightning flash rates over this region. The possible sources of aerosols that cause an increase in lightning activities are identified from the classification of aerosols based on the characteristic values of the AOD and the Ångström exponent. The thermodynamic relation of the Product of Bowen ratio with the sum of the precipitation rate and evaporation rate has been used as a proxy to evaluate the lightning flash rate density over Srinagar, Uttarakhand region (78.55 E–79.05 E, 29.97 N–30.47 N), with nine models from the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project-Phase 5 (CMIP5). The model-simulated LFR has also been used for the projection of lightning in the late 21st century, and the projected LFR over the study area shows a 7.41% increase during the (2079–2088) period as compared to the historic period (1996–2005). The results of the study region indicate caution in using any single climate variable as a proxy for projecting a change in the lightning–climate relationships in the scenario of global warming.

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“…Some colleges even think that public English courses have no practical use so that more teaching content cannot give play to the actual effect, and students can only learn passively. Reference [19] research shows that colleges and universities adopt the hierarchical teaching mode, but the effect is very little, just to meet the needs of teaching. They are indifferent to students' interests and future prospects.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of Public English Curriculum System Based on Cloud Interactive Teaching Mode and Cloud Computing

Zhou

2022

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

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English teaching can be divided into two complementary ways: classroom teaching and neural network autonomous learning, namely, physical English teaching and virtual English teaching. On the cloud interaction and cloud computing platform, teachers upload teaching resources, and students can view learning resources, submit assignments, and interact through mobile terminals such as mobile phones, notebooks, and iPads, so as to achieve all-round teacher-student interaction that breaks through time and space constraints and create a “live” classroom for ubiquitous English learning. This paper constructs a public English curriculum system based on the “cloud interaction” teaching mode. This model fully combines the actual English level of students and adopts practical teaching methods in both classroom introduction and classroom teaching. The model lets students easily integrate into regular learning activities, interpret language on the examples and life fragments around students, and accept language naturally and improves the effect of language teaching.

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Cloud — Aerosol interaction during lightning activity over land and ocean: Precipitation pattern assessment

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Using Factor Separation to Elucidate the Respective Contributions of Desert Dust and Urban Pollution to the 4 January 2020 Tel Aviv Lightning and Flash Flood Disaster

Using Factor Separation to Elucidate the Respective Contributions of Desert Dust and Urban Pollution to the 4 January 2020 Tel Aviv Lightning and Flash Flood Disaster

Relationship between Lightning and Aerosol Optical Depth over the Uttarakhand Region in India: Thermodynamic Perspective

Construction of Public English Curriculum System Based on Cloud Interactive Teaching Mode and Cloud Computing

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