Closure to “
            <i>Calibration of NPS Model Loading Factors</i>
            ” by John P. Hartigan, Thomas F. Quasebarth, and Elizabeth Southerland (December, 1983)

Hartigan, John P.; Quasebarth, Thomas F.; Southerland, E. Marie

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(1985)111:1(108)

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A 'dip test' for multimodality was proposed by Hartigan and Hartigan (1985) and coded by Hartigan (1985). It calculates departure of a sample from unimodality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a given dataset, a null hypothesis H 0 is made that its PDF is unimodal. A 'dip test' for unimodality (Hartigan 1985;Hartigan and Hartigan 1985) is performed to test H 0 (see appendix). When hypothesis H 0 is rejected at the con dence level of 95%, bimodality is con rmed if two and only two obvious peaks are seen in the estimated PDF.…”

Section: Bimodality Test and Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bimodality in tropical water vapour

Zhang

Mapes

Soden

2003

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

122

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SUMMARYProbability distribution functions of tropospheric water vapour in the tropics are shown to be commonly bimodal. This bimodality implies sharp gradients between dry and moist regimes in space and time. A method of testing for and quantifying bimodality is introduced. Using this method, the bimodality of water vapour is surveyed in satellite and in situ observations, as well as in global model re-analysis data and simulations. The bimodality suggests that the radiative drying time after an injection of moisture by convection is short (1-2 days) compared to a homogenizing time, whether physical (mixing) or mathematical (averaging). It is shown that the local bimodality found in cloud-model simulations and in situ point measurements disappears with modest time averaging (18 h and 200 km), but then reappears on the global-scale, where dry and moist regions are separated so widely that synoptic-and large-scale mixing times exceed the drying time-scale. Large discrepancies exist in the ability to reproduce the global-scale bimodality by global model re-analysis and simulations.

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“…A 'dip test' for multimodality was proposed by Hartigan and Hartigan (1985) and coded by Hartigan (1985). It calculates departure of a sample from unimodality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bimodality Test and Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimodality in tropical water vapour

Zhang

Mapes

Soden

2003

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A typical observing sequence involved a grid of up to 72 images dithered spatially in a set pattern. Data reduction followed a procedure more fully-described elsewhere [10]. Infrared observations of the southern targets (Ara, Eagle and Carina) were complemented by broadband optical B, V, R, and I and narrowband Hα images taken with the Y4KCam at the CTIO 1-m YALO telescope 12-17 March 2011.…”

Section: Infrared Observations Of Fluorescent Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A full report of our Carina observations will appear elsewhere [10], but Fig. 3 provides a sample of the sort of PDR structures that are present in the region.…”

Section: Carinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiated interfaces in the Ara OB1, Carina, Eagle Nebula, and Cyg OB2 massive star formation regions

Hartigan

Palmer

Cleeves

2012

High Energy Density Physics

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Regions of massive star formation offer some of the best and most easily-observed examples of radiation hydrodynamics. Boundaries where fully-ionized H II regions transition to neutral/molecular photodissociation regions (PDRs) are of particular interest because marked temperature and density contrasts across the boundaries lead to evaporative flows and fluid dynamical instabilities that can evolve into spectacular pillar-like structures. When detached from their parent clouds, pillars become ionized globules that often harbor one or more young stars. H 2 molecules at the interface between a PDR and an H II region absorb ultraviolet light from massive stars, and the resulting fluoresced infrared emission lines are an ideal way to trace this boundary independent of obscuring dust. This paper presents H 2 images of four regions of massive star formation that illustrate different types of PDR boundaries. The Ara OB1 star formation region contains a striking long wall that has several wavy structures which are present in H 2 , but the emission is not particularly bright because the ambient UV fluxes are relatively low. In contrast, the Carina star formation region shows strong H 2 fluorescence both along curved walls and at the edges of spectacular pillars that in some cases have become detached from their parent clouds. The less-spectacular but more well-known Eagle Nebula has two regions that have strong fluorescence in addition to its pillars. While somewhat older than the other regions, Cyg OB2 has the highest number of massive stars of the regions surveyed and contains many isolated, fluoresced globules that have head-tail morphologies which point towards the sources of ionizing radiation. These images provide a collection of potential astrophysical analogs that may relate to ablated interfaces observed in laser experiments of radiation hydrodynamics.

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Closure to “ Calibration of NPS Model Loading Factors ” by John P. Hartigan, Thomas F. Quasebarth, and Elizabeth Southerland (December, 1983)

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Bimodality in tropical water vapour

Bimodality in tropical water vapour

Irradiated interfaces in the Ara OB1, Carina, Eagle Nebula, and Cyg OB2 massive star formation regions

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