Clostridium perfringens: Comparative effects of heat and osmotic stress on non-enterotoxigenic and enterotoxigenic strains

Abbona, Cinthia; Stagnitta, Patricia Virginia

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.03.007

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…This low prevalence suggests that the number of C. perfringens in the samples screened was below the previously reported detection limit of 10 3 bacteria per gram of fecal content (56). Failure to detect the cpe gene can therefore be explained since only between 1 and 5% of C. perfringens population is known to be enterotoxigenic (57). Interestingly, as the C. perfringens population increases during a necrotic enteritis outbreak (55), more than half of the positive samples for the presence of the plc gene were identified from flocks experimenting shortterm antibiotic withdrawal and long-term judicious use strategy that are recognized to increase the risk of occurrence for this disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Impacts of Short-Term Antibiotic Withdrawal and Long-Term Judicious Antibiotic Use on Resistance Gene Abundance and Cecal Microbiota Composition on Commercial Broiler Chicken Farms in Québec

et al. 2020

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The ever-increasing problem of antibiotic resistance makes routine use of antibiotics in animal production no longer considered as a reasonable and viable practice. The Chicken Farmers of Canada have developed and are implementing an Antimicrobial Use Reduction Strategy, which has the ultimate goal of eliminating the preventive use of medically important antibiotics in broiler chicken and turkey production. However, very little is known about the real overall impact of an antibiotic use reduction strategy in complex ecosystems, such as the bird intestine or the commercial broiler chicken farm. The main objectives of the present study were to compare the abundance of antibiotic resistance-encoding genes, characterize the intestinal microbiota composition, and evaluate the presence of Clostridium perfringens, in six commercial poultry farms adopting short-term antibiotic withdrawal and long-term judicious use strategy. Implementing an antibiotic-free program over a 15-months period did not reduce the abundance of many antibiotic resistance-encoding genes, whereas the judicious use of antibiotics over 6 years was found effective. The short-term antibiotic withdrawal and the long-term judicious use strategy altered the intestinal microbiota composition, with the Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae families being negatively impacted. These findings are in agreement with the lower production performance and with the increased C. perfringens populations observed for farms phasing out the use of antibiotics. Adopting a conventional rearing program on commercial broiler chicken farms selected for specific antibiotic resistance-encoding genes in many barns. This study highlights the potential impacts of different rearing programs in poultry production and will help guide future policies in order to reduce the use of antibiotics while maintaining production performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Impacts of Short-Term Antibiotic Withdrawal and Long-Term Judicious Antibiotic Use on Resistance Gene Abundance and Cecal Microbiota Composition on Commercial Broiler Chicken Farms in Québec

et al. 2020

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“…This would be explained by the fact that C. perfringens vegetative cells in the poultry slaughterhouse environment are likely to be exposed to environmental stressors such as cold or heat, drying, and sanitizers, most of the time leading to the death of the microorganism [23]. Though this is true for the vegetative counterpart of the C. perfringens species, the notable resistance of some enterotoxigenic C. perfringens to the control measures used by the food industry (heat, cold, osmotic and nitrite-induced stresses), especially those carrying the cpe gene in their chromosome, brings certain nuance to this statement [19],[20],[48]. The heat treatment applied by Craven et al [23] to the samples recovered at the processing plant further supports this affirmation, as the incidence and numbers of C. perfringens heat-resistant spores, were slightly lower than the total counts, indicating a significant contribution of the spore resistance form of this species in the contamination of both the carcasses and the processing plant environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While recent studies have shed some light on the ecology of CPE-producing C. perfringens strains, much work remains to be done to better describe the epidemiology of this pathogen, from its reservoirs to the human digestive tract [15]–[18]. C. perfringens is widely distributed in soils, wastewaters, foods, in addition to being part of the normal intestinal microflora of animals and humans [19]. Classically, strains of this bacterial species are categorized into five types, from A to E, based on the carriage of different combinations of the four toxin-encoding genes named cpa , cpb , etx and iA [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broiler chicken carcasses and their associated abattoirs as a source of enterotoxigenic <em>Clostridium perfringens</em>: Prevalence and critical steps for contamination

et al. 2018

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Clostridium perfringens ranks among the three most frequent bacterial pathogens causing human foodborne diseases in Canada, and poultry meat products are identified as a source of infection for humans. The objective of the current study was to estimate the proportion of broiler chicken flocks, carcasses and various environmental samples from critical locations of the slaughter plant positive for the presence of C. perfringens enterotoxin encoding gene ( cpe ). From the 16 visits conducted, 25% of the 79 flocks sampled, 10% of the 379 carcasses sampled and 5% of the 217 environmental samples collected were found positive for cpe. The proportion of cpe -positive carcasses was statistically different between surveyed plants, with 17.0% for one abattoir and 2.2% for the other. For the most contaminated plant, cpe -positive carcasses were identified at each step of the processing line, with prevalence varying between 10.0% and 25.0%, whereas this prevalence varied between 0% and 25.0% for the environmental surfaces sampled. Based on the results obtained, enterotoxigenic C. perfringens strains could potentially represent a risk for the consumer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Clostridium perfringens: Comparative effects of heat and osmotic stress on non-enterotoxigenic and enterotoxigenic strains

Cited by 4 publications

References 63 publications

Impacts of Short-Term Antibiotic Withdrawal and Long-Term Judicious Antibiotic Use on Resistance Gene Abundance and Cecal Microbiota Composition on Commercial Broiler Chicken Farms in Québec

Impacts of Short-Term Antibiotic Withdrawal and Long-Term Judicious Antibiotic Use on Resistance Gene Abundance and Cecal Microbiota Composition on Commercial Broiler Chicken Farms in Québec

Broiler chicken carcasses and their associated abattoirs as a source of enterotoxigenic <em>Clostridium perfringens</em>: Prevalence and critical steps for contamination

Data_Sheet_1.docx

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