Clostridium difficile

Moore, Shelley

doi:10.1016/j.cnc.2017.10.004

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Impaired immune response to C. difficile toxins, as well as new exposure to spores, is thought to contribute to recurrences. Antibiotic resistance does not seem to influence the risk of recurrences [ 18 , 43 , 53 ].…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile infection: review

Czepiel

Dróźdź²,

Pituch

et al. 2019

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

476

391

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Clostridium difficile ( C. difficile ) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobic bacillus, which is widely distributed in the intestinal tract of humans and animals and in the environment. In the last decade, the frequency and severity of C. difficile infection has been increasing worldwide to become one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. Transmission of this pathogen occurs by the fecal-oral route and the most important risk factors include antibiotic therapy, old age, and hospital or nursing home stay. The clinical picture is diverse and ranges from asymptomatic carrier status, through various degrees of diarrhea, to the most severe, life threatening colitis resulting with death. Diagnosis is based on direct detection of C. difficile toxins in feces, most commonly with the use of EIA assay, but no single test is suitable as a stand-alone test confirming CDI. Antibiotics of choice are vancomycin, fidaxomicin, and metronidazole, though metronidazole is considered as inferior. The goal of this review is to update physicians on current scientific knowledge of C. difficile infection, focusing also on fecal microbiota transplantation which is a promising therapy.

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Section: Clinical Manifestationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile infection: review

Czepiel

Dróźdź²,

Pituch

et al. 2019

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

476

391

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Symptoms of rCDIs appear mostly during the first week after completion of the first episode of CDI treatment [21]. The clinical features of CDI range from the asymptomatic carrier state to life-threatening fulminant colitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infection: Is it Superior to Other Conventional Methods?

Lin

Iqbal

Ortíz

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a gram-positive species of spore-forming bacteria. C. difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most common hospital-acquired infections in the United States, mainly caused by the use of recent antibiotics that leads to intestinal dysbiosis. Recurrent C. difficile infection (rCDI) often occurs after the successful treatment of CDI. Approximately, 30% of patients experience a clinical recurrence of prior symptoms within eight weeks of antibiotic cessation. This present literature review covers the current pathophysiology of CDI, risk factors for infection, diagnostic methods, several treatment modalities, and the potential use of fecal microbial transplant (FMT) for patients with multiple recurrent CDIs. Recent studies have focused on FMT, with an efficacy rate of nearly 90% in multiple recurrent CDI settings. Despite its efficacy, it is not commonly used as first-line treatment. More studies are needed to establish this therapy as the first option in patients with rCDI.

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“…Комментарии: рациональное использование антибиотиков, а именно минимизирование частоты, длительности и количества принимаемых препаратов, является основной мерой профилактики клостридиальной инфекции. Основные аспекты такого использования антибиотиков включают назначение их для лечения бактериальных, но не вирусных инфекций, строго по показаниям, прием антибиотика пациентом точно по назначению лечащего врача, а также предпочтителен выбор антибактериального препарата, действующего на определенный микроорганизм или группу микроорганизмов, но не широкого спектра действия [49]. В частности, следует ограничить прием фторхинолонов, клиндамицина и цефалоспоринов [10].…”

Section: уровень убедительности рекомендаций а (уровень достоверности...unclassified

Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Scientific Society for the Clinical Study of Human Microbiome, of the Russian Gastroenterological Association and the Russian Society for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases on the Diagnosis and Treatment of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> (<i>C. difficile</i>)-associated Disease in Adults

Ivashkin,

Lyashenko,

Drapkina

et al. 2023

Rossijskij žurnal gastroènterologii, gepatologii, koloproktolog

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Аim: the clinical practice guidelines intended for gastroenterologists, internal medicine specialists, infectious disease specialists, general practitioners (family doctors), coloproctologists, surgeons and endoscopists present modern methods of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of C. difficile-associated disease.Key points. C. difficile-associated disease is a disease that develops when the diversity of the intestinal microbiota decreases and C. difficile excessively colonizes the colon, the toxins of which damage the intestinal muco-epithelial barrier, followed by the development of inflammation in the colon wall, with diarrhea being a characteristic clinical manifestation. The clinical presentation of the disease can vary from asymptomatic carriage, mild to moderate diarrhea that resolves on its own, to profuse watery diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis with development of life-threatening complications. The diagnosis of C. difficile-associated disease is based on an assessment of the clinical presentation, medical history, an objective examination of the patient and laboratory stool tests. The disease severity is determined by clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. Additional diagnostic methods that are used according to indications and contribute to the assessment of severity include endoscopy of the colon and abdominal cavity imaging methods. Treatment should be initiated in cases of characteristic clinical presentation of C. difficile-associated disease and positive laboratory stool testing. The choice of drug and treatment regimen depends on the severity of the episode, the presence of complications, and whether the episode is initial, recurrent, or reinfection.Conclusion. Determination of target groups of patients for the diagnosis of clostridial infection is important in preventing overdiagnosis and subsequent unnecessary treatment. Timely diagnosis and treatment of C. difficile-associated disease help avoiding the development of life-threatening complications and improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients.

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Clostridium difficile

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Clostridium difficile infection: review

Clostridium difficile infection: review

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infection: Is it Superior to Other Conventional Methods?

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