Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 Modifies Bacterial Composition under Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis for the Activation of Interactions via Lipid Metabolism between the Gut Microbiome and the Host

Abstract

The gut microbiome is closely related to gut metabolic functions, and the gut microbiome and host metabolic functions affect each other. Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 (CBM 588) upregulates protectin D1 production in host colon tissue following G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 120 activation to protect gut epithelial cells under antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. However, how CBM 588 enhances polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolites remains unclear. Therefore, we focused on the metabolic function alterations of the gut microbiome after CBM 588 and protectin D1 administration to reveal the interaction between the host and gut microbiome through lipid metabolism during antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. Consequently, CBM 588 modified gut microbiome and increased the butyric acid and oleic acid content. These lipid metabolic modifications induced GPR activation, which is a trigger of ERK 1/2 signaling and directed differentiation of downstream immune cells in the host colon tissue. Moreover, endogenous protectin D1 modified the gut microbiome, similar to CBM 588. This is the first study to report that CBM 588 influences the interrelationship between colon tissue and the gut microbiome through lipid metabolism. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms of prevention and recovery from inflammation and the improvement of host metabolism by CBM 588.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation With Clostridium butyricum on Growth Performance, Apparent Digestibility, Blood Metabolites, Ruminal Fermentation and Bacterial Communities of Fattening Goats

“…Meanwhile, C. butyricum can improve antioxidant and immune functions in calves and monogastric animals ( 4 , 13 , 14 ). Numerous studies have also shown that C. butyricum can regulate the relative abundance of intestinal flora, consolidate intestinal barrier function and accelerate metabolism, to improve bodily health and immunity ( 12 , 15 , 16 ). In addition, its metabolite butyrate and other substances are also widely used in animal production to improve the performance of livestock and poultry, including improving the rumen fermentation of ruminants, and regulating rumen flora ( 17 , 18 ).…”

Effect of Clostridium butyricum on Gastrointestinal Infections

“…We focused on other fatty acid metabolites related to SCFAs and their receptors. By administering CBM 588 to mice with antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis, we analyzed the immune response of the host intestinal tract, intestinal microbiota, and fecal metabolites [ 115 ]. Consequently, the following results were obtained.…”

“…Consequently, the following results were obtained. 1: CBM 588 increased the production of anti-inflammatory omega-3 fatty acids and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators by modulating gut microbiota; and 2: CBM 588 affected lipid metabolites and increased the conversion of linoleic acid metabolites, which are ligands for the fatty acid receptor, GPR120 [ 115 ].…”

“…Changes in the lipid metabolism of gut microbiota and the host were confirmed by the administration of CBM 588 [ 115 ]. The unsaturated fatty acids induced by CBM 588 are expected to contribute to the termination of inflammatory symptoms in gastrointestinal infections.…”

Clostridium butyricum and Its Culture Supernatant Alleviate the Escherichia coli-Induced Endometritis in Mice

“…C. butyricum exhibits anti-pathogenic activity in the digestive tract of humans and animals. It has beneficial activity against other beneficial bacteria [ 21 ]. In addition, this bacterium exerts various beneficial effects such as intestinal epithelial cell protective activity [ 22 ] and anti-inflammatory effects [ 23 ].…”