Closing the Shop: Information Cartels and Japan's Mass Media

Feldman, Ofer; Freeman, Laurie A.

doi:10.2307/3591947

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…In this section, we briefly review the history of press in Japan. This chapter is based on information from Coughlin (1952), de Lange (1998), Freeman (2000), and Yamamoto (1989). …”

Section: History Of Japanese Press and The Kisha Clubmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Freeman (2000), the defining characteristics of the current kisha clubs were already in place by this time: (1) They had exclusive rules. (2) Members made agreements with each other and with their sources about what to publish and when to publish it, practicing self‐censorship or group self‐censorship when necessary.…”

Section: History Of Japanese Press and The Kisha Clubmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP), General Douglas MacArthur, kept the media organizations and kisha clubs basically intact. According to Freeman (2000), MacArthur's decision was based on the wrong assumption that abolishing legal barriers to democracy, including the major press law enacted in 1909, would be enough to guarantee a free press. Despite the removal of wartime constraints by the SCAP, most of the pre‐war kisha clubs were soon re‐established.…”

Section: History Of Japanese Press and The Kisha Clubmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SCAP wanted to change kisha club rules, especially the clubs' ability to expel members who refused to follow them. Freeman (2000) reports an incident that happened in May 1946. The managing editor of a major newspaper, Yomiuri‐Hochi , the vice‐president of the newspaper federation, and a journalist from the same paper took part in a food demonstration sponsored by the Communist Party.…”

Section: History Of Japanese Press and The Kisha Clubmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Media Capture and Information Monopolization in Japan*

Au¹,

Kawai²

2011

Japanese Economic Review

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We investigate the unique institution of the Japanese press industry called the kisha club system. By tracing through its history, we show how the kisha club system has developed as a result of the government's attempt to control the media, and the media's incentive to use the opportunity provided by the government to limit rivalry within the industry. By providing a simple model that links the distribution of political power and the media capture, we explain why this institutional arrangement has been so persistent in Japan.j ere_538 131..147 JEL Classification Number: N00.

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“…In this section, we briefly review the history of press in Japan. This chapter is based on information from Coughlin (1952), de Lange (1998), Freeman (2000), and Yamamoto (1989). …”

Section: History Of Japanese Press and The Kisha Clubmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of Japanese Press and The Kisha Clubmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of Japanese Press and The Kisha Clubmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History Of Japanese Press and The Kisha Clubmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Media Capture and Information Monopolization in Japan*

Au¹,

Kawai²

2011

Japanese Economic Review

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“…It is widely argued that the press club system acts as a serious obstacle to independent, critical coverage of politics in Japan, because journalists depend on officialdom for news about government (Freeman, 2000;Pharr and Krauss, 1996;Feldman, 1993). It is widely argued that the press club system acts as a serious obstacle to independent, critical coverage of politics in Japan, because journalists depend on officialdom for news about government (Freeman, 2000;Pharr and Krauss, 1996;Feldman, 1993).…”

Section: Foreign Aid and Domestic Politicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

News Media Coverage Influence on Japan's Foreign Aid Allocations

Potter

Belle

2004

Japanese Journal of Political Science

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This study explores the role that news coverage plays in the allocation of Japanese development aid. Conceptually, it is expected that democratic foreign policy officials, including those working in bureaucratic governmental structures will try to match the magnitude of their actions with what they expect is the public's perception of the importance of the recipient. News media salience serves an easily accessible indicator of that domestic political importance and, in the case of foreign aid, this suggests that higher levels of news coverage of a less-developed country will lead to higher aid commitments. The statistical analysis demonstrates that the level of news coverage is a statistically significant factor in Japanese aid distributions. More significantly, the analysis demonstrates that separating grant aid from other forms of aid is critical for the empirical examination of the determinants of Japanese aid.Foreign aid allocations are generally explained in terms of international politics or state-centric models of foreign policy. Comparative analyses have demonstrated that aid allocations tend to reflect the international political roles and interests of individual aid donors (see, for example, Schraeder, Hook, and Taylor (1998);Meernik, Krueger, and Poe (1998);Noël and Thérien (1995);Hook (1995);Lumsdaine (1993);and McKinlay (1979)). Studies of how foreign policy influences from sources other than the international political arena affect foreign aid allocations are underrepresented in the scholarly literature on foreign aid. Moreover, despite differences in national aid programs and the well-known political differences between the various donor states,

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Leprosy, Legal Mobilization, and the Public Sphere in Japan and South Korea

Arrington¹

2014

Law Soc Rev

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This article addresses the question of what gets transmitted in cross‐national diffusion and why. It does so by analyzing the spread of rights‐based activism from Japanese to South Korean leprosy (Hansen's disease) survivors in the 2000s. Previous scholarship would predict extensive diffusion of mobilizing frames and tactics, especially since Korean lawyers learned an effective legal mobilization template while working with Japanese lawyers to win compensation for Korean leprosy survivors mistreated by Japanese colonial authorities before 1945. Yet the form of subsequent activism by Korean leprosy survivors for redress from the Korean government differed from the original Japanese model. This case suggests the need for scope conditions on theories about isomorphism and the agency of brokers. In particular, it draws attention to how the structure of a country's public sphere—and especially its legal profession, news media, and activist sector—affects the feasibility of imported innovations related to activism and legal mobilization.

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Closing the Shop: Information Cartels and Japan's Mass Media

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Media Capture and Information Monopolization in Japan*

Media Capture and Information Monopolization in Japan*

News Media Coverage Influence on Japan's Foreign Aid Allocations

Leprosy, Legal Mobilization, and the Public Sphere in Japan and South Korea

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