Closed head trauma and aphasia

Abstract

SUMMARY A prospective study has been done on the relationship between closed head trauma and aphasia. The most frequent type of aphasia seen after closed head injury is an anomic aphasia. This aphasia is often associated with other defects of higher cortical function. The second most common type of aphasia is a Wernicke's aphasia. Other types of aphasia were not seen in this study. The areas of the head which when injured produce aphasia are the right orbitofrontal region and the left temporoparietal region. The prognosis for recovery appeared highly variable.

Hemispheric and executive influences on low-level language processing after traumatic brain injury

“…Naming has been studied using a number of different kinds of tasks, including subtests from various neuropsychological tests as well as more nonstandard assessments. Naming was originally thought to be the major language problem in TBI (Heilman, Safran, & Geschwind, 1971; as discussed in Levin, Grossman, Sarwar, & Meyers, 1981), and object naming is still thought of as one of the most common language deficits after TBI (Bittner & Crowe, 2006). Payne-Johnson (1986) used naming subtests of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE- including Animal Naming and Confrontation Naming.…”

The problem of aphasia in the assessment of consciousness in brain-damaged patients

“…Severe aphasia is however very rarely reported as a result of traumatic brain injury. The most frequent language impairment at acute stages of closed traumatic brain injury is anomia (Heilman et al, 1971). Receptive language difficulties are most often related to sentence complexity, comprehension of simple sentence structures being in general preserved.…”

Evaluation of traumatic brain injury: Brain potentials in diagnosis, function, and prognosis

“…Cognitive deficits following TBI include aspects of attention (Gentilini et al, 1989;Gronwall, 1976;Lezak et al, 2004;Mathias and Wheaton, 2007;Mirsky et al, 1991;Oddy et al, 1985;Reitan and Wolfson, 2000;Rosvold et al, 1956;Willmott et al, 2009) coupled with alterations in memory (Gronwall and Wrightson, 1981;Mathias and Wheaton, 2007;Oddy et al, 1985;Reitan and Wolfson, 2000;Ruff et al, 1989), problem solving (Cicerone and Wood, 1987;Dawson et al, 2004;Jarvie, 1960;Krpan et al, 2007;Levin et al, 1990;Temkin et al, 1995;Wayland and Taplin, 1985), language skills (Coelho et al, 1991(Coelho et al, , 1995(Coelho et al, , 2002Davis and Coelho, 2004;Ellis and Peach, 2009;Hagen, 1984;Heilman et al, 1971;Holland, 1982;Stout et al, 2000;Wiig et al, International Journal of Psychophysiology 82 (2011) 24-40 …”