Closed cycle textile dyeing: full scale renovation of hot wash water by hyperfiltration

The removal of reactive dye printing compounds using nanofiltration

“…This means that processed water (colourless or with very low coloured waste) can be reused in the rinsing process, as long as its contamination is lower than the resulting wastewater produced by the process itself [2,3]. However, most of the auxiliary components must be removed sufficiently to provide a wash water quality that is suitable for effective washing of the fabric [4].…”

Methods Employed for Control of Fouling in MF and UF Membranes: A Comprehensive Review

“…Over the last few years, membrane-based processes have the potential and may be an attractive alternative for the treatment of dye containing effluent. The use of dynamically formed zirconium oxide-polyacrylate membrane in a tubular shape to treat textile dye house effluent was also reported and a 95% dye recovery was observed (50,51). Spiral wound modules also got similar results (52).…”

Integrated Nanofiltration and Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Treatment of Textile Wastewater for In‐Plant Reuse

“…Several researchers demonstrated the economical and technological advantages from the application of nanofiltration membranes to the treatment of textile wastewaters ( Koyuncu and Topacik, 2002 ; Rozzi et al, 1999 ). The color removal achieved is high—generally above the minimum quality requirements for water recirculation proposed by Brandon and Jernigan (1981) ; at 97%, the sodium chloride rejection is in between 10 and 80% and, for sodium sulfate, from 90 to 98%. The retentate or concentrate produced contains most of the chemicals present in the original feed wastewater and, in many cases, can be reused in the process, reducing the quantity of production dyes or chemicals needed.…”